nursing assistant chapter 6 Flashcards
antimicrobial
an agent that destroys, resists, or prevents the development of pathogens
autoclave
an appliance used to sterilize medical instruments or other objects by using steam under pressure
blood borne pathogens
microorganisms found in human blood that can cause infection and disease
blood borne pathogen standard
federal law requiring that healthcare facilities protect employees from blood borne health hazards
body fluid
tears, saliva, sputum, urine, feces, semen, vaginal secretions, pus or other wound drainage and vomit
CRE- carbapenem-resistant enterobacteriaceae
bacteria that have developed resistance to carbapenems which are types of antibiotics
carrier
person who carries a pathogen usually without signs and symptoms of disease but who can still spread the disease
catheter
tube inserted through the skin or into a body opening that is used to administer or drain fluid
C.difficile
a bacterium that is spread by spores in feces that are difficult to kill; it causes symptoms such as diarrhea and nausea and can lead to serious inflammation of the colon
CDC- centers for disease control and prevention
federal government agency responsible for improving the overall health and safety of the people in the united states
clean
a condition in which an object has not been contaminated with pathogens
communicable disease
an infectious disease transmissible by direct contact or by indirect contact
contagious disease
a type of communicable disease that spreads quickly from person to person
contaminated
soiled, unclean; having disease causing organisms or infections material on it
cross-infection
the physical movement or transfer of harmful bacteria from one person, object, or place to another, or from one part of the body to another
dehydration
an excessive loss of water from the body; a condition that occurs when fluid loss is greater then fluid intake
direct contact
way to transmit pathogens though touching the infected person or his or her secretions
dirty
a condition in which an object has been contaminated with pathogens
disinfection
process that destroys most pathogens and other types of microorganisms but not all pathogens
doff
to remove
don
to put on
drainage
flow of fluids from a wound or cavity
exposure control plan
plan that outlines specific work practices to prevent exposure to infectious material and identifies step by step procedures to follow when exposures do occur
exposure incident
specific eye, mouth, other mucous membrane, non intact skin, or parenteral contact with blood or other potentially infectious materials that result from the performance of an employees duties
fomite
an object that is contaminated with a pathogen and can spread the pathogen to another person
hand hygiene
washing hands with either plain or antiseptic soap and water and using alcohol based hand rubs
hand rubs
an alcohol containing preparation designed for application to the hands for reducing the number of microorganisms on the hands
HAI
an infection acquired within a health care setting during the delivery of medical care
hepatitis
inflammation of the liver caused by certain viruses and other factors such as alcohol abuse some medications and trauma
immunity
resistance to infection by a specific pathogen
incubation period
the period of time between exposure to a pathogen and the time is causes visible signs and symptoms of disease or illness
indirect contact
way to transmit pathogens by touching something contaminated by the infected person
infection
the state resulting from pathogens invading the body and multiplying
