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Adult 1 > Nursing Assessment: Cardiovascular System > Flashcards

Nursing Assessment: Cardiovascular System Flashcards

1
Q

The amount of blood pumped by each ventricle in 1 minute

A

Cardiac output

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2
Q

CO divided by body surface area

A

Cardiac index

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3
Q

Normal range for CO

A

4-8 L/min

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4
Q

Normal range for cardiac index

A

2.8-4.2 L/min/m^2

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5
Q

Contraction of myocardium

A

Systole

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6
Q

Relaxation of myocardium

A

Diastole

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7
Q

Amount of blood ejected with each heart beat

A

Stroke Volume

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8
Q

Volume of blood in ventricles at the end of diastole

A

Preload

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9
Q

Peripheral resistance against which the left ventricle must pump

A

Afterload

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10
Q

The heart’s ability to respond to changing demands for cardiac output (Ex. Increased HR)

A

Cardiac reserve

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11
Q

The difference b/w SBP and DBP equals what?

Ex. increase with exercise, decrease with cardiac failure

A

Pulse Pressure

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12
Q

Th perfusion pressure felt by organs

A

MAP

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13
Q

What is the formula for MAP?

A

(SBP+2DBP) divided by 3

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14
Q

What MAP is necessary to sustain vital organs?

A

60

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15
Q

The following are considered to be what type of data? Health information, past health history, history of illness, past and current meds, surgery or other treatment & functional health patters such as exercise

A

Subjective Data

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16
Q

The following are considered to be what type of data? Physical exam, vitals, peripheral vascular system: inspection, palpation, auscultation

A

Objective Data

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17
Q

What is the normal reduction of mmHg in SBP from lying to standing?

A

15 mmHg

18
Q

What is the normal reduction of mmHg in DBP from lying to standing?

A

3-5 mmHg

19
Q

HR should not increase by how many beats from supine to standing?

A

20 beats/min

20
Q

BP in both arms may normally vary by how many mmHg?

A

5-15 mmHg

21
Q

BP in the lower extremities should be how many mmHg higher than the upper extremities?

A

10 mmHg

22
Q

When assessing the CV system what 3 things should be inspected?

A

skin color, hair distribution & venous pattern

23
Q

When assessing the CV system what 4 things should be palpated?

A

The UE & LE for temp, moisture, pulses & edema

24
Q

A vessel wall that is narrowed or bulging and vibrate s

A

A thrill

25
Q

Pulse that feels like a tap

A

Normal pulse

26
Q

What is done to assess capillary refill?

A

Place hands on level of heart; squeeze nail bed to produce blanching

27
Q

Normal time of capillary refill

A

Less than 3 seconds

28
Q

Distended neck veins may mean what?

A

Elevated right arterial pressure

29
Q

Inadequate O2 saturation due to pulmonary or cardiac disorders

A

Central cyanosis

30
Q

Reduced blood flow because of heart failure, vasoconstriction or cold environment

A

Peripheral Cyanosis

31
Q

Clubbing of nail beds could be a sign of what?

A

Prolonged O2 deficiency

32
Q

Color changes in extremities with postural change

A

Decreased arterial perfusion of poor venous return

33
Q

What can incompetent valves in veins cause?

A

Varicose Veins

34
Q

Inadequate venous return or arterial perfusion most commonly found in the periphery of the extremities can cause what?

A

Ulcers

35
Q

Anxiety, fever, anemia, hyperthyroidism can increase what vital sign?

A

Pulse

36
Q

How can blood loss & decreased cardiac output effect pulse?

A

Makes pulse thready

37
Q

Atherosclerosis, thrombus and emboli cause pulse to be..?

A

Absent

38
Q

How do cardiac dysrhythmias effect pulse?

A

It can make it irregular

39
Q

Pulse >100

A

Tachycardia

40
Q

Pulse <60

A

Bradycardia

41
Q

The 5 P’s

A

Pain, Pallor, Pulselessness, Paresthesia & Paralysis

Adult 1 (1 decks)

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