NURS 2121 Final Flashcards
what is idenitity
According to Godfrey and Young (2021)(from the Concepts of Nursing Practice text) professional identity is defined “as a sense of oneself , and in relation to others, that is influenced by characteristics, norms, and values of the nursing discipline, resulting in an individual thinking, acting and feeling like a nurse” (p.363).
attributes to identity
Doing
Being
Acting Ethically
Flourishing
Changing Identities
interrelated concepts of professional identity
Communication
Ethics
Clinical Judgement
Leadership
foundational elements for profession of nursing
Law/Regulation
Communication – verbal and non-verbal
Confidentiality – including online
Boundaries
definition of health1
Health is a state of complete physical, mental and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity (WHO, 1948)
updated in 1984
In 1984, the WHO updated its definition and conceptualized health as:
“the extent to which an individual or group is able , on the one hand, to realize aspirations and satisfy needs; and, on the other hand, to change or cope with the environment. Health is, therefore, seen as a resource for everyday life, not the objective of living; it is a positive concept emphasizing social and personal resources, as well as physical capacities”.
canadian historical approach to health
After WWII health was viewed from a medical model (focused on physical illness only)
In the 1970’s recognized that the health status of Canadians was not improving in relation to the increasing in spending
In 1974 the Minister of Health, Marc Lalonde, commissioned a report that shifted the emphasis away from a purely medical model to more of a behavioural approach to health.
This shifted the responsibility for health on the individual (assumption is that if individuals knew what was best for them they would engage in healthy behaviours)
But by the early 1980’s health care spending continued to increase without the expected improvement in health status
In 1986 the Minister of Health and Welfare, Jake Epp, commissioned a report that shifted the emphasis away from a behavioural model of health to a socioenvironmental approach health.
This shifted the focus of health onto the social context
social determinant of health
Income and Social Status
Social support networks
Education and literacy
Employment and working conditions
Physical environments
Biological and genetic endowment
Individual health practices and coping skills
Healthy child development
Health services
Gender
Culture
Social environments
regulation/legilation of pracitices
Federally – Canada Health Act
to
Provincially – Health Professions Act
to
Interpreted by BCCNM
Who is responsible for making the ‘big’ decisions regarding health care for residents of BC?
At the provincial level nursing is predominantly determined by the Health Professions Act (legislation).
what is a standard
A standard is an expected and achievable level of performance against which actual performance can be compared. It is the minimum level of acceptable performance.
The Professional Standards, which are one set of standards under the umbrella of BCCNM Standards of Practice, are statements about levels of performance that nurses are required to achieve in their practice.
what do the professional standards do for nurses
Reflect the values of the nursing profession
Clarify what the profession expects of nurses
Represents the criteria against which nurses’ practice in British Columbia is measured by clients, employers, colleagues, themselves and others
definiton of RN (according to the CNA)
RNs are self-regulated health-care professionals who work autonomously and in collaboration with others to enable individuals, families, groups, communities and populations toachieve their optimal levels of health. At all stages of life,in situations of health, illness, injury and disability, RNsdeliver direct health-care services, coordinate careand support clients in managing their own health. RNscontribute to the health-care system through their leadership across a wide range ofsettings in practice, education, administration, research andpolicy.
Canadian Nurses Association Code of Ethics
“The Canadian Nurses Association (CNA) Code of Ethics for Registered Nurses is a statement of the ethical values of nurses and of nurses’ commitments to persons with health-care needs and persons receiving care”
7 primary values of the CNA code of ethics
The seven primary values of the CNA Code of Ethics are:
A. Providing safe, compassionate, competent and ethical care
B. Promoting health and well-being
C. Promoting and respecting informed decision-making
D. Honouring dignity
E. Maintaining privacy and confidentiality
F. Promoting justice
G. Being accountable
what was the BCCNM called before ?
CRNBC → BCCNP →BCCNM
what is nursing theory
A nursing theory is a set of concepts, definitions, relationships, and assumptions or propositions derived from nursing models or from other disciplines and project a purposive, systematic view of phenomena by designing specific inter-relationships among concepts for the purposes of describing, explaining, predicting, and /or prescribing.
Nursing theory aims to describe, predict and explain the phenomenon of nursing (Chinn and Jacobs,1978).
It should provide the foundations of nursing practice, help to generate further knowledge and indicate in which direction nursing should develop in the future (Brown, 1964).
This can be seen as an attempt by the nursing profession to maintain its professional boundaries.
It helps to distinguish what should form the basis of practice by explicitly describing nursing.
concepts central to nursing
Person
Health
Nurse
Environment
Social Justice (new)
professional standards
These Standards provide an overall framework for the practice of nursing in British Columbia. They set out minimum levels of performance that nurses are required to achieve in their practice.
Standard 1 - Professional Responsibility and Accountability
Maintains standards of nursing practice and professional conduct determined by BCCNM.
refers to the characteristics of reliability and dependability
implies an ability to distinguish between right and wrong
means being able to answer for one’s actions
the nurse balances accountability to the client, the profession, the employer, and society
Standard 2 - Knowledge-based Practice
Consistently applies knowledge, skills and judgment in nursing practice.
what are carper’s four patterns of knowing
Carper’s Four Patterns of Knowing
1. Nursing Science
2. The Art of Nursing
3. Nursing Ethics – professional
guidelines
4. Personal Knowledge
other ways of knowing (structured/unstructured)
Structured
- Scientific Inquiry
- Critical Thinking
- Logical Reasoning
Unstructured - Empathy - Intuition - Trial & Error - Reflection - Tradition - Authority
Standard 3 - Client-focused Provision of Service
Provides nursing services and works with others to provide health care services in the best interest of clients.
Context is important in the provision of client-focused care.
Standard 4 - Ethical Practice
Understands, upholds and promotes the ethical standards of the nursing profession.
Makes the client the primary concern in providing nursing care.
Provides care in a manner that preserves and protects client dignity.
Demonstrates honesty and integrity.
Clearly and accurately represents self with respect to name, title and role.
Protects client privacy and confidentiality.
Recognizes, respects and promotes the client’s right to be informed and make informed choices.
Promotes and maintains respectful communication in all professional interactions.
Treats colleagues, students and other health care workers in a respectful manner.
Recognizes and respects the contribution of others on the health care team.
Makes equitable decisions about the allocation of resources under one’s control based on the needs of clients.
identifies the effect of own values, beliefs and experiences in carrying out clinical activities; recognizes potential conflicts and takes action to prevent or resolve.
Identifies ethical issues; consults with the appropriate person or body; takes action to resolve and evaluates the effectiveness of actions.
Initiates, maintains and terminates nurse-client relationships in an appropriate manner.
