Nuremburg Code Flashcards
What is the Nuremberg Code?
The Nuremberg Code is a set of ethical principles and guidelines established in 1947 in response to the unethical medical experiments conducted by Nazi physicians. It serves as a foundation for modern ethical standards in human experimentation.
What are the main principles outlined in the Nuremberg Code?
Voluntary consent
Avoidance of unnecessary suffering or harm
Scientifically valid research design
Avoidance of coercion
Explain the principle of “Voluntary Consent” in the Nuremberg Code.
Voluntary consent emphasizes that individuals must have the freedom to choose whether to participate in research without the influence of coercion, force, or undue pressure.
What does the Nuremberg Code state about the avoidance of unnecessary suffering or harm?
The Nuremberg Code insists that research should not cause unnecessary physical or mental suffering or harm to participants.
Describe the importance of a scientifically valid research design according to the Nuremberg Code.
The Nuremberg Code emphasizes the need for a scientifically valid research design to ensure that the benefits of the research justify the risks and that the study is likely to yield meaningful results.
How does the Nuremberg Code address the principle of avoidance of coercion?
The Nuremberg Code prohibits any form of coercion or undue inducement, emphasizing the importance of free and voluntary consent in research participation.
In what ways did the Nuremberg Code influence subsequent ethical guidelines in research?
The Nuremberg Code laid the foundation for subsequent ethical guidelines, such as the Declaration of Helsinki, and influenced the development of regulations and protections for research subjects globally.
How has the concept of informed consent evolved since the Nuremberg Code?
The Nuremberg Code introduced the concept of informed consent, and over time, subsequent guidelines and regulations have further developed and refined the requirements for obtaining informed consent.
What historical events led to the establishment of the Nuremberg Code?
The Nuremberg Code was established in response to the heinous medical experiments conducted by Nazi physicians on prisoners during World War II.
How does the Nuremberg Code contribute to the ethical conduct of clinical trials today?
The Nuremberg Code serves as a historical and ethical foundation, emphasizing the principles of voluntary consent, avoidance of harm, and scientific validity, which are still central to the ethical conduct of clinical trials today.
