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3rd year study > NUR363 > Flashcards

NUR363 Flashcards

1
Q

Name the four major types of qualitative research designs found in nursing research

A

Phenomenology
Grounded Theory
Ethnography
Historical

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2
Q

Two broad purposes of research design are?

A
  1. Provide framework to answer research Q

2. Involves plan for systemic approach to gathering information

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3
Q

What is the major consideration when critiquing research design in a journal article?

A

How well does the design fit the Q

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4
Q

If a research study is suggesting a test of relationships, it is a ________________ study design?

A

Quantitative

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5
Q

If a research study is suggesting an exploration of the human experience, it is a _________________ study design?

A

Qualitative

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6
Q

State three things that research questions seek to achieve.

A

Describe or understand
Connect, link and relate
Manipulate and/or protect

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7
Q

One of the main characteristics of quantitative research is that it involves a close relationship between the researcher and the participant.

A

False- Arms length

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8
Q

Briefly describe phenomenology, ie it is a description

of_________________________________

A

Lived experiences

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9
Q

Grounded Theory is concerned with?

A

Social processes and meaning

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10
Q

Ethnology is concerned with?

A

Cultural

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11
Q

State four main components of rigor in qualitative research.

A

Trustworthiness
Confirmability
Transferability
Credibilty

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12
Q

Why is rigor so important?

A

Confidence in results

Methods can be trusted

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13
Q

In quantitative research, the emphasis is on?

A

Numerical info
Accuracy
Control

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14
Q

Name four types of quantitative research studies

A

Descriptive
Correlational
Experimental
Quasi-experimental

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15
Q

Time is important in _________________________ research studies?

A

Quantitative

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16
Q

Cross-sectional studies

A

Data measured at one point in time w/ different participants

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17
Q

Longitudinal studies

A

Data collected at different points in time but same participants

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18
Q

Retrospective studies

A

Link present outcomes with past events

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19
Q

Prospective studies

A

As they occur

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20
Q

Why is control important is quantitative studies?

A

Reduces errors and maximise results

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21
Q

Define Independent variable

A

DOES NOT depends on that of another

22
Q

Define Dependent variable

A

DOES depend on that of another

23
Q

Name two types of validity and briefly define each

A

Internal- Accurately measures

External- Generalised

24
Q

What is the research problem?

A

Knowledge gap that needs filling

25
Q

In nursing, where is the research problem generally derived from?

A

Clinical practice

Theory

26
Q

Briefly define hypothesis.

A

An proposed explanation made on the basis of limited evidence as a starting point for furthur investigation

27
Q

Name three sources of nursing research problems.

A

Clinical experiences
Nursing literature
Social issues

28
Q

What are the important things the background section of a research report should tell us?

A

Outline specific problem
Provide broad context
Outline what is already known

29
Q

Name and briefly describe two other types of probability sampling.

A

Cluster: successive random sampling of units/clusters

Systematic: selection of members of population at fixed intervals ie every ninth case

30
Q

What are the disadvantages of non-probability sampling?

A

Less rigorous
Limits generalisability
Not representative

31
Q

List three major types of non-probability sampling

A
  1. convenience
  2. quota
  3. purposive
32
Q

Define EBN or evidence based health care practice

A

Applying the best available research evidence when making clinical decisions and practice

33
Q

When do we (as nurses) need to seek out evidence?

A

Continuously through their career

34
Q

Evidence can be placed in two categories. Name these.

A

non-research based

research based

35
Q

What is the purpose of an abstract?

A

It summarizes the main points of a research report

36
Q

Why might an abstract be useful for us to read?

A

To see if it MAY answer the question

37
Q

Identify some common terms used in each section of a research report.

A 
Intro
Background
Methods
Results
Discussion
Conclusion
38
Q

State 3 features of qualitative methods and quantitative methods.
Qualitative:
Quantitative:

A

Qualitative- Subjective info, no numbers, no control

Quantitative- Numerical info, Accuracy, control

39
Q

What would you expect to find in the methods section of a research study?

A

How the info was found

40
Q

What would you expect to find in the discussion section of a research study?

A

A discussion of the findings

41
Q

The p value indicates?

a. The percentage of time the results reported would have occurred by chance alone
b. The decision criterion used
c. The probability of selection
d. The percentage of time the results reported would not have occurred by chance alone

A

A

42
Q

A p value of

A

C

43
Q

When reporting that, from study findings, the effect of a new treatment on reducing wound healing time in the population from which the sample was drawn, is -2 to +2 days with 95% confidence, this means that?

a. The treatment should be implemented for all wounds because it reduces wound healing time
b. The treatment was shown to be ineffective in this study, but there is a 5% chance that this finding is incorrect
c. The standard deviation in reduced wound healing time is 4 days
d. The treatment should not be implemented based on this study because there is no indication that it will be effective

A

D

44
Q

Which of the following are used to determine if a finding has clinical significance?

a. The p value
b. Confidence intervals
c. Effect size
d. All of the above

A

D

45
Q

In a large, randomly selected sample of patients who have had major thoracic surgery, patients are asked to rate their pain during the post-operative period. There is a significant positive correlation between pain scores and the length of the main incisions (r=0.10, p = 0.01, alpha = 0.05). What would be the most appropriate interpretation of the findings?

a. The longer the man incision, the more intense the pain is likely to be, in this population
b. The longer the main incision, the less intense the aoin is likely to be, in this population
c. Large wounds cause greater pain in this population
d. Surgeons should change the length of their incisions

A

A

46
Q

In which of the following cases would a t-test be appropriate?

a. Comparing cholesterol levels between two groups of athletes
b. Looking for an association between blood cholesterol and hours of exercise in a single group of office workers
c. Looking for a relationship between gender and use of sunscreen among high school students
d. None of the above

A

A

47
Q

In which of the following cases would a chi-square test be appropriate?

a. Comparing cholesterol levels between two groups of athletes
b. Looking for an association between blood cholesterol and hours of exercise in a single group of office workers
c. Looking for a relationship between gender and use of sunscreen among high school students
d. None of the above

A

C

48
Q

In which of the following cases would a regression analysis be appropriate?

a. Comparing cholesterol levels between two groups of athletes
b. Looking for an association between blood cholesterol and hours of exercise in a single group of office workers
c. Looking for a relationship between gender and use of sunscreen among high school students
d. None of the above

A

B

49
Q

Which of the following tests could be used to compare the mean blood alcohol levels of four groups of drinkers?

a. Chi square
b. ANNOVA
c. T-test
d. Pearson’s correlation

A

B

50
Q

Which of the following is an example of a non-parametric test?

a. T-test
b. Analysis of variance
c. Mann-Whitney u – test
d. Pearson’s correlation

A

C

3rd year study (2 decks)

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