NUR331 Flashcards
The process whereby Oxygen and Carbon dioxide transfer across the alveolar capillary membrane is known as?
diffusion
Impairments in ventilation are caused by which two main mechanisms?
narrowing of the airway and disruption of the neuronal transmission
Hypoxaemia, hypoxia and hypercapnia can result in?
acidosis and cell death
When selecting the size for a nasopharyngeal airway adjunct, how is it measured
from the tip of the nose to the tragus of the ear
Which of these signs could indicate the removal of the ICC?
ALL:
stable oxygen saturations
no bubbling in the underwater seal drain
chest reinflation on chest xray
A tension pneumothorax occurs when:
the internal structures are shifted across in the chest due to a build-up of air in the cavity
Which of these patients might have an obstructed airway
ALL:
the patient has facial burns and swelling around the neck
stridor or drooling
the patient is lying on their back and they are vomiting
What are some causes of pneumothorax?
ALL:
stab wound to the chest
high lung pressure
idiopathic
What is the rationale for auscultating the bowel prior to palpating the bowel?
After pressure is applied peristaltic action will increase
When conducting a focused abdominal assessment, what might a pulsating abdomen indicate?
Abdominal aortic aneurysm
severe pancreatic inflammation is commonly associated with what two predisposing factors?
Alcoholism and gallstones causing biliary tract obstruction
What causes severe pain in pancreatitis?
All:
Oedema and distension of the pancreatic ducts and capsule
Peritoneal irritation
Biliary tract irritation or obstruction
what cause hypotension in severe pancreatitis
Vasodilation and fluid shift to the pancreas and abdominal cavity
How does the pain associated with pancreatitis present?
sudden onset, severe, constant epigastric pain radiating to the back
initial treatment of severe pancreatitis involves what:
Analgesia, fluid replacement & fasting
Altered perfusion can be the result of?
ALL:
impaired circulation
inadequate cardiac output
excessive perfusion demands
The gold standard for cardiac assessment include what?
ECG, history & troponin levels
Chest pain assessment can employ the following acronym
PQRST- provokes, quality, radiation, severity and timing
What ECG changes would you expect to see with myocardial ischaemia
ST segment depression
What changes would you expect to see with myocardial infarction
ST segment elevation
Cardiac output is defined as?
The volume of blood ejected from the heart in litres in a minute
Do males and females experience the same signs and symptoms when they are having a myocardial infarction?
ALL:
Fewer women than men experience classic signs of an MI
Females often experience fatigue first
Females experience more silent MIs compared to men
What does PCI stand for?
Percutaneous Coronary Intervention
What will happen to the cardiac output when fibrillation occurs in the ventricles or the atria?
the cardiac output decreases
