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NUR211 > NUR211 Test #1 > Flashcards

NUR211 Test #1 Flashcards

0
Q

Generalized OA effects how many joints?

A

3 or more

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1
Q

Localized OA effects how many joints?

A

1 or 2

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2
Q

Ideopathic OA most commonly affects which interphalangeal joints?

A

terminal

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3
Q

What is characterized by progressive erosion of the joint cartilage with formation of new bone in the joint space?

A

OA

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4
Q

Which joints are most commonly involved in OA?

A

hands, knees, hips and cervical and lumbar spine.

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5
Q

What are osteophytes?

A

bony spurs

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6
Q

What are small pieces of bony spurs that break off called?

A

joint mice

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7
Q

What kind of OA has no single clear cause?

A

idiopathic

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8
Q

What kind of OA has an underlying condition, such as trauma, bone disease or IJD?

A

Secondary

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9
Q

What kind of OA is associated with increasing age and is the leading cause of disability for people over 65?

A

Ideopathic

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10
Q

Pain and stiffness are the first signs of what?

A

OA

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11
Q

Degenerative disk disease is also called what?

A

Spondylosis.

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12
Q

Terminal interphalangeal joints are also called

A

Heberden’s Nodes

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13
Q

Proximal interphalangeal joints are also called

A

Bochard’s Nodes

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14
Q

white women are more likely to have OA where

A

hands

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15
Q

Black women are more likely to have OA where?

A

Knees

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16
Q

What is a new treatment for OA of the knee where hyaluronan is injected directly into the knee joint?

A

Viscosupplementation

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17
Q

Joint replacement is also known as

A

Joint Arthroplasty

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18
Q

What is the major complication with total joint replacement?

A

Infection

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19
Q

Can OA be prevented?

A

No

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20
Q

What is the most common cause of pain?

A

Back Problems

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21
Q

When someone has muscle spasms, what do you assess for?

A

radiating leg pain, numbness and tingling in lower extremities and urinary/bowel dysfunction

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22
Q

What are some non pharmacological treatments for back pain?

A

rest, ice, massage, new mattress, support brace for work

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23
Q

What are pharmacological treatments for back pain?

A

OTC, muscle relaxants and opioids

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24
Q

What are some causes of back pain?

A

Pregnancy, poor posture, lack of exercise, injury, trauma, scoliosis, herniated disks.

25
Q

How do you position a patient with back pain?

A

Lazy-Boy position supported with pillows.

26
Q

Ultram

A

Pain medicine that acts like a nartcotic because it binds up pain receptors, but is not actually a narcotic. Works as well.

27
Q

Where do muscle relaxants work?

A

In the head, not in the muscle.

28
Q

Where does a strain happen?

A

ligament

29
Q

Where does a sprain happen?

A

muscle or tendon

30
Q

How long would you put ice on?

A

No longer than 20 minutes at a time.

31
Q

What is a wearing off effect?

A

When the medicine gradually wears off before the next dose.

32
Q

What is on-off syndrome

A

quickly happens when the patient alternates between symptom free periods and times when symptoms reappear. Drugs working (on), drugs not working (off).

33
Q

What are the principles of traction?

A

alignment, pulling and counter-traction

34
Q

What are the 5 p’s?

A

Pain, pulses, paraesthesia, paralysis and pallor

35
Q

how do you assess pallor?

A

temp and color

36
Q

How do you assess paraesthesia?

A

stimulate both feet with a pen to see if they can feel it.

37
Q

What is Ataxia?

A

lack of voluntary movement

38
Q

What is Diplopia?

A

Double Vision

39
Q

What is Nystagmus?

A

Rapid Eye movement.

40
Q

What size cannula is used for children and elderly?

A

24-22

41
Q

What size cannula is used for post op and medical patients?

A

24-20

42
Q

What size cannula is used for surgical patients and rapid blood loss?

A

18

43
Q

what size cannula is used for trauma patients and those need large volumes of fluid rapidly?

A

16

44
Q

How far above the IV site would you put the tourniquet?

A

5 or 6

45
Q

How big of a site should you prep for a normal adult IV?

A

2-3 inches

46
Q

What should you do after you prepare the site?

A

Let it dry on it’s own. Do not blot or blow on it.

47
Q

What is inflammation of a blood vessel called?

A

Phlebitis

48
Q

What is inflammation of a blood vessel with a blood clot called

A

Thrombophlebitis

49
Q

When you have inflammation of a blood vessel with a clot and infected vein, what’s it called?

A

septic thrombophlebitis

50
Q

What are S&S of Phlebitis?

A

Redness and warmth oat the IV site.

51
Q

What are S&S of Thrombophlebitis?

A

Hardened area where a clot has formed in the vein.

52
Q

Do blood clots associated with thrombophlebitis have the same possible life-threatening consequences as clots in the deeper and larger veins in the body?

A

No

53
Q

Is Thrombophlebitis normally associated with infection?

A

No

54
Q

How do you treat phlebitis and thrombophlebitis?

A

Relieve the symptoms with inti-inflammatories, local heat, etc. If condition worsens (pain or increased redness), medical attention should be sought.

55
Q

What are S&S symptoms of septic thrombophlebitis?

A

enlarged lymph nodes under the arm on the affected side. This can occur with simple phlebitis, but should cause you to seek medical attention, especially if fever and malaise are also present.

56
Q

What are the signs of a local infection at an IV site?

A

large lump that’s painful and hot to the touch.

57
Q

What should you do if you suspect a local infection at an IV site?

A

Notify MD. Antibiotics may be needed.

58
Q

What are signs of infiltration?

A

Lump that is cool to touch.

59
Q

What’s the difference in the site between infiltration and infection?

A

Lump is cool to touch with infiltration and hot to touch for infection.

60
Q

What should you do in a case of infiltration?

A

Stop infusion and check for adverse reactions.

NUR211 (1 decks)

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