NUR111-Exam3 Flashcards
osmosis
fluids shifting, through membranes, from an area of low solute [] to a higher solute [] to acheive homeostasis
Diffusion
Involves fluid movement from an area of high solute [] to an area of lower solute []
Active transport
E required process that moves ions across the cell membrane against a [] gradient
How is Fluid and Electrolyte balance achieved?
Fluid intake, Hormonal regulation, Fluid output
name 3 hormones responsible for fluid I&O
ADH, renin, Aldosterone
What does aldosterone do?
It promotes the retention of sodium and bicarbonate, the excretion of potassium and hydrogen ions, and the secondary retention of water. Large excesses can invoke plasma volume expansion, edema, and hypertension.
What does renin do?
Renin stimulates the release of Aldosterone
The increased secretion of aldosterone, results in retention of salt and water by the kidneys and therefore increased extracellular fluid volume, cardiac output, and arterial pressure..
What are some things electrolytes do?
- regulate fluid and hormone production
- Strengthen skeletal structures
- Act as catalysts in nerve response and muscle contraction
- important in the metabolism of nutrients
Which electrolytes are not stored?
Na+ and Cl-
Where is K+ stored?
In cells.
What are the MAJOR electrolytes in the body?
Na+, Cl-, K+, Mg+, P, Ca++
Normal Sodium Levels
136-145 mEq/L
Function of Na+
helps maintain the balance of fluid in a person’s body. It’s also importantin nerve function.
What is hyponutremia?
Na= moves from ECF into the ICF - - - cells swell (cerebral edema)
What are the serum sodium levels for hyponutremia?
Serum sodium levels less than 136 mEq/L
