NUR 245 Exam 3

Question 1

Thrill

Answer 1

murmur that can be palpated

Question 2

bruit

Answer 2

vascular murmur- abnormal sound generated by turbulent flow of blood in an artery due to either an area of partial obstruction or a localized high rate of blood flow through an unobstructed artery

Question 3

Central venous pressure(CVP)

Answer 3

blood pressure in the venae cava near the right atrium of the heart.
-reflects the amount of blood returning to the heart and the ability of the heart to pump the blood back into the arterial system

Question 4

precordium

Answer 4

area on anterior chest overlying heart and great vessels

Question 5

cardiac cycle

Answer 5

rhythmic flow of blood through heart

Question 6

cardiac cycle

Answer 6

rhythmic flow of blood through heart

Question 7

diastole

Answer 7

ventricles relaxed

• fill with blood
• 2/3 of cardiac cycle

Question 8

systole

Answer 8

heart’s contraction

• blood pumped from ventricles fills pulmonary and systemic arteries
• 1/3 cardiac cycle

Question 9

s1

Answer 9

closure of AV valves

-signals beginning of systole

Question 10

s2

Answer 10

closure of semilunar valves

-end of systole

Question 11

murmur

Answer 11

whooshing or swishing sound produced by blood turbulence due going through heart valves

Question 12

Gallops

Answer 12

extra heart sounds

Question 13

third heart sound (s3)

Answer 13

occurs immediately after s2

-AV valves oopen an atrial blood first pours into ventricles

Question 14

fourth heart sound (s4)

Answer 14

• Occurs at end of diastole
• at presystole
• when ventricle resistant to filling
• occurs just before s1

Question 15

venous great vessels

Answer 15

jugular veins
SVC & IVC = carry deoxygenated blood to right heart
pulmonary artery= carry venous blood from right heart to lungs with blood picks up O2 and releases cO2

Question 16

arterial great vessels

Answer 16

pulmonary veins = oxygenated blood from lungs to left atrium

aorta

Question 17

proper technique for assessing carotid arteries

Answer 17

auscultate with the bell of the stethoscope on the side of the neck. listen for bruits and palpate thrills

Question 18

order of cardiac assessment

Answer 18

1. pulse and BP
2. extremities
3. neck vessels
4. precordium

Question 19

auscultating carotid artery

Answer 19

1. angle of jaw
2. mid-cervical area
3. base of neck

Question 20

physical assessment: precordium

Answer 20

1. localize apical pulse using 1 finger pad
2. ask person to exhale and hold
3. palpate across precordium using palmar aspects of 4 fingers. palpate apex, left sternal border, base searching for
   pulsations of vibrations
   (thrill)
4. auscultate
   aortic valve area(2nd right interspace)
   pulmonic valve area(second left interspace)
   tricuspid valve area(left lower sternal border)
   mitral valve area(5th interspace at around left midclavicular line