NUR 100 short answers

Question 1

26. If a person weighs 98kg and stands at 170cm tall their BMI (Body Mass Index ) rounded to the nearest whole number, and their obesity class is:-

(2 marks)

Answer 1

26. If a person weighs 98kg and stands at 170cm tall their BMI (Body Mass Index ) rounded to the nearest whole number, and their obesity class is:-

(2 marks)

BMI Weight divided by (hieght squared)

BMI : 34

Obesity Class - 2

Underweight - <18.50

Normal range (Healthy) 18.50 - 24.99

Overweight - >25.00

Pre-obese - 25.00 - 29.99

Obese class 1 - 30.00 - 34.99

Obese class 2 - 35.00 - 39.99

Obese class 3 - >40.00

Question 2

27. Give two reasons why nursing documentation must be accurate and effective:-

(2 marks)

Answer 2

27. Give two reasons why nursing documentation must be accurate and effective:-

communication between health care profeesionals (resulting in safe execution of care plan)

Legal protection

(this is a legal document)
(2 marks)

Question 3

28. Chain of infection – list and explain (over page) each component:-

(6 marks)

Answer 3

28. Chain of infection – list and explain (over page) each component:-

(6 marks)

1. ¨ Infectious agent = the pathogen
2. ¨ The reservoir (source for the pathogens to multiply)
3. ¨ Portal of exit from the source
4. ¨ mode of transmission

(direct/droplet/airborne/contaminated articles/vectors)

5. ¨ portal of entry (into the host)
6. ¨ host (ill/sick/immuno-compromised)

Question 4

29. Explain the difference between medical asepsis and surgical asepsis and give 2 examples of each:- (5 marks)

Answer 4

29. Explain the difference between medical asepsis and surgical asepsis and give 2 examples of each:- (5 marks)

Medical asepsis, or clean technique, includes procedures used to reduce the number of organisms present, and prevent the transfer of organisms. Surgical asepsis, or sterile technique, prevents contamination of an open wound, serves to isolate the operative area from the unsterile environment, and maintains a sterile field for surgery.
Simply Medical asepsis reduces bacteria and risk of infection surgical asepsis eliminates organisms present and breaks the chain of infection.

Hand hygiene
ANTT (Aseptic Non Touch Technique)

Surgical scrub
creating a sterile field for a surgical procedure or catheterization

Question 5

30. Complete the blank space:-

……………………….. precautions involve the wearing of personal protective equipment &
are used when caring for all patients (1 mark)

Answer 5

30. Complete the blank space:-

**Standard ** precautions involve the wearing of personal protective equipment &
are used when caring for all patients (1 mark)

Question 6

31. As you assist in tidying a patient’s bed you sustain a needle stick injury from a used needle & syringe left lying in the linen. List & explain your first 3 actions:- (3 marks)

Answer 6

31. As you assist in tidying a patient’s bed you sustain a needle stick injury from a used needle & syringe left lying in the linen. List & explain your first 3 actions:- (3 marks)

safely dispose of needle in sharps container
clean wound
incident report
follow up tests

Question 8

32. List & briefly explain the 5 moments of hand hygiene:- (5 marks)

Answer 8

32. List & briefly explain the 5 moments of hand hygiene:- (5 marks)

Before touching a patient
Before a procedure
After a procedure after body fluid exposure risk
After touching a patient
After touching a patients surroundings

Question 9

33. Give 3 reasons as to why nursing care plans are important to patient care:- (3 marks)

Answer 9

33. Give 3 reasons as to why nursing care plans are important to patient care:- (3 marks)

to set goals, track progress, and be consistant with all the health professionals involved

To communicate a patients nursing care in a standardised way; it’s a written guildline of patients care; designed to decrease incomplete /incorrect/ inaccurate care

Question 10

34. Using 3 examples discuss why it is important to nurse a patient holistically:-

(3 marks)

Answer 10

34. Using 3 examples discuss why it is important to nurse a patient holistically:-

Addressing a patient holistically means to not just address their physical needs but also their spiritual, emotional

A persons spiritual beliefs can be challenged by illness

The patient is often isolated and in need of friendship to address the social and emotional strain

Being in hospital can be a daunting experience it is important a nurse keeps in mind any patient to nurse power imbalance and demonstrates the art of caring to relieve the emotional strain.

(3 marks)

Question 11

35. Respiration involves processes to exchange gases between the atmosphere, the blood & the cells. Name & briefly explain the 3 separate processes:- (3 marks)

Answer 11

35. Respiration involves processes to exchange gases between the atmosphere, the blood & the cells. Name & briefly explain the 3 separate processes:- (3 marks)
    1) Ventilation-Movement of gases into and out of lungs
    2) Diffusion-The movement of oxygen and carbon dioxide between alveoli and blood cells
    3) Perfusion-The distribution of red blood cell to and from the pulmonary capillaries

Question 12

36. Define Conscientious Objection (according to the ANMC) and describe 2 situations where it could be relevant to a nurse:- (4 marks)

Answer 12

36. Define Conscientious Objection (according to the ANMC) and describe 2 situations where it could be relevant to a nurse:- (4 marks)

Nurses, midwives … have a right to refuse to participate in procedures which they judge, on strongly held religious, moral and ethical beliefs, to be unacceptable. Two examples where this is common is abortion procedures and hormonal implants

Question 13

37. According to your text book, Crisp & Taylor (2009), complete the following acceptable ranges for an adult:-

Acceptable Range

(according to Crisp & Taylor)

Temperature

………… - ……….°C

Answer 13

37. According to your text book, Crisp & Taylor (2009), complete the following acceptable ranges for an adult:-

Acceptable Range

(according to Crisp & Taylor)

Temperature

36 -38°C

Question 14

37. According to your text book, Crisp & Taylor (2009), complete the following acceptable ranges for an adult:-

Pulse
………… - ………… beats per minute

Answer 14

37. According to your text book, Crisp & Taylor (2009), complete the following acceptable ranges for an adult:-

Pulse
60 - 100 beats per minute

Question 15

37. According to your text book, Crisp & Taylor (2009), complete the following acceptable ranges for an adult:-

Respiration
……….. - ………respirations per minute

Answer 15

37. According to your text book, Crisp & Taylor (2009), complete the following acceptable ranges for an adult:-

Respiration
12- 20 respirations per minute

Question 16

37. According to your text book, Crisp & Taylor (2009), complete the following acceptable ranges for an adult:-

Blood Pressure
……… /…….. - ……… /………mm/Hg

Answer 16

37. According to your text book, Crisp & Taylor (2009), complete the following acceptable ranges for an adult:-

Blood Pressure
120/80 - 140 /90 mm/Hg

Question 17

38. You are taking the vital observations of your allocated patient on your practicum and your patient Mr Jones says “can you explain to me what blood pressure is, the nurses always take it but I don’t know what it means?” Include the difference between systolic and diastolic. Use the exact words you would use to Mr Jones:-

Answer 17

The high number is the pressure in your veins when blood is being pumped it is called systolic and the lower number is the lowest pressure between beats it’s called systolic.

Question 18

39. Complete the 5 empty spaces in the medical prescription abbreviations table below:-

AC - ?

qid - ?

? - whenever there is a need

Nocte -?

? - give immediatlely

Answer 18

39. Complete the 5 empty spaces in the medical prescription abbreviations table below:-

AC - before meals

qid - 4 times a day (quater in day)

PRN - whenever there is a need

Nocte - at night

stat - give immediatlely

Question 19

41. Collaborative nursing is important throughout your university learning and your time as a registered nurse. Define and discuss the main principals:-
    (3 marks)

Answer 19

41. Collaborative nursing is important throughout your university learning and your time as a registered nurse. Define and discuss the main principals:-

the process of working together with the patient, family and other medical professionals

(3 marks)

Question 20

42. Define ageism and how this can have such a negative affect on the aged in society:-

(5 marks)

Answer 20

42. Define ageism and how this can have such a negative affect on the aged in society:-

The process of stereotyping and discrimination against people because they are old, Caused by negative attitudes/stereotyping/ misunderstanding/unrealistic portrayal in the media/lack of respect (in today’s society) Demonstrated to cause anxiety/social exclusion/ increased disability/depression.

(5 marks)