Number & Quantity Flashcards
Greatest common factor (gcf)
The greatest positive integer that will divide evenly into each of two or more nonzero integers
Ex, gcf (72,48) = 24
Greatest common divisor (gcd)
The greatest common factor of two nonzero integers.
Least common multiple (lcm)
The least positive integer that is a multiple of two or more nonzero integers.
Ex, lcm (36,48) = 144
Product of two positive integers
Their greatest common factor times their least common multiple
mn=gcf (m, n) • lcm (m, n)
Principle of mathematical induction
Any set of positive integers that contains the numbers 1 and (k+1), when ever it contains the positive integer k, contains all the positive integers
Fundamental theorem of arithmetic
Every integer greater than it equal to 2 is either a prime number or can be factored into a product of prime numbers in one and only one way, except for the order in which the factors appear
Principal square root
The positive square root of a number
Order of operations (Please excuse my dear aunt sally)
First, operations in parentheses
Second, exponentiation
Third, multiplication and division in the order of their occurrence left to right
Fourth, addition and subtraction in the order of their occurrence left to right
Scientific notation
Way to write very large numbers or very small number in a shortened form.
Helps keep track of decimal places and makes computations of this number easier
Ex, 34,000 = 3.4 • 10 to the power of 4
Precision
The degree to which a measurement is repeatable and reliable
Accuracy
The degree to which a measurement is true and correct
Approximate error
The amount of error involved in a physical measurement
Maximum possible error of measurement
Half the magnitude of the smallest measurement unit used to obtain the measure
Ex 1 inch, max is 1/2 inch error
Tolerance interval
Most accurate way of expressing a measurement
Ex, 10 inches, should be reported
10 inches +/- .5 inches
Absolute error of measurement
The amount of physical error
