Nucleotides Flashcards
What is the definition of human physiology?
A branch of biology that deals with the functions and activities of life or living matter
What historical figure is known as the ‘father of medicine’?
Hippocrates
What did Hippocrates theorize about bodily fluids?
The body contains four distinct bodily fluids: black bile, phlegm, blood, and yellow bile
Who modified Hippocrates’ theory and is referred to as the founder of experimental physiology?
Claudius Galenus (Galen)
What term did Jean Fernel introduce?
Physiology
What did William Harvey describe in his 1628 book?
Systemic circulation and blood’s journey through the body
What is the cell theory proposed by Matthias Schleiden and Theodor Schwann?
The body is made up of tiny individual cells
What is the focus of cell physiology?
The way cells work and interact
What does systems physiology investigate?
Computational and mathematical modeling of complex biological systems
What does evolutionary physiology study?
Adaptations of systems or parts of systems over generations
What is the focus of exercise physiology?
The physiology of physical exercise
What is the difference between anatomy and physiology?
Anatomy studies the structure of body parts, while physiology focuses on how these parts work
What are the two views in physiology?
Teleological (why) and Mechanistic (how)
What are the methods of studying physiology?
Hypothesis formation, accurate observations, experimentation, methodical documentation
Fill in the blank: _______ is the movement of solvent molecules into a region of higher solutes.
Osmosis
What is tonicity?
Ability of a solution to change the shape or tone of cells by altering their internal water volume
What does biological normalcy refer to?
Normality as health or the absence of disease
What is the concept of normality according to Offer and Sabshin?
Normality as health, optimal functioning, and average of measured variables
What term describes the scientific study of normality over a life cycle?
Normatology
What is Claude Bernard’s idea regarding the internal environment?
The stability of the internal environment is the condition for free and independent life
What is the definition of legal normalcy?
Medico-legal issues related to the concept of normalcy
What is the BMI and who proposed it?
Body Mass Index, proposed by Adolphe Quetelet
What is the ideal solution’s osmotic pressure equation?
O.P = nCRT/v
True or False: Normal is what corresponds to the standard, regular, usual, or typical.
True
What are the colligative properties of molecules?
Lowering of vapor pressure, elevation of boiling point, depression of freezing point, osmotic pressure
