Nucleophilic substitution Flashcards
What is a halogenoalkane?
An alkane with one or more halogen attached.
What bond do halogenoalkanes contain?
Polar bonds
Why are halogenoalkanes polar molecules?
The halogens are more electronegative than the carbon.
What do halogenoalkanes undergo substitution reactions with
Nucleophilles including ammonia, hydroxide ions and cyanide ions
What is a nucleophille?
Electron pair doner.
What does nucleophillic substitution with hydroxide ions produce?
An alcohol
What does nucleophillic substitution with ammonia produce?
Amines
What does nucleophillic substitution with cyanide ions produce?
Nitriles
What is the trend in reactivity of halogenoalkanes down the group?
The reactivity decreases down the group because C-I bond is the weakest and C-F bond is the strongest
What charges are nucleophilles attracted to?
Positive charges
