Nucleic acids and Nucleotides

Question 1

Nucleic acids

Answer 1

are long, linear polymers constructed from four types of monomers
Each monomer consists of a sugar, a phosphate, and a base.

Question 2

Name the purines

Answer 2

adenine, guanine

Question 3

Name the pyrimidines

Answer 3

cytosine, uracil, thymine

Question 4

Semiconservative replication

Answer 4

the replication process to make two daughter helices from one parent strand and one newly synthesized strand

Question 5

What is the most common type of structure DNA is seen?

Answer 5

B form or the Watson-Crick helix

Question 6

Name the 3 types of DNA structures.

Answer 6

B form or the Watson-Crick helix, A form, which is shorter and wider than the B form with the bases at an angle rather than perpendicular to the helix axis and Z DNA

Question 7

Nucleotide

Answer 7

a nucleoside with one or more phosphoryl groups attached

Question 8

Nucleoside

Answer 8

a nitrogenous base bound to a sugar

Question 9

What bases pair together and what kind of bond and how many of that bond do they have?

Answer 9

Hydrogen bonds- A with T, 2
G with C, 3

Question 10

Chromatin

Answer 10

entire complement of a cell’s DNA and its associated proteins

Question 11

Nucleosome

Answer 11

Two copies each of histones H2A, H2B, H3, H4 and 200 bp of DNA

Question 12

What is Cisplatin

Answer 12

a chemotherapeutic agent that reacts with DNA such that nitrogens of adjacent purines replace the chloride atoms.

Question 13

how sugars are attached to DNA and RNA

Answer 13

In all cases, the C-1’ of the sugar is aLached to the N-9 of the purine or the N-1 of the pyrimidine.