Nucleic Acids Flashcards
Explain translation
Transfer rna (trna) made in the nucleus bring the amino acid to the mrna
Sequence of 3 ribonucleotides on the trna called anticodon bond to complementary codon on mrna using temporary hydrogen bonds
Ribosomes move along mrna reading code
When amino acids are adjacent to each other a peptide bond forms
mRNA breaks down and free ribonucleotides can be used again forming mrna in nucleus
What bond forms during translation when amino acids adjacent to each other
Peptide bonds
Explain transcription
DNA is unwound and hydrogen bonds between nucleotides are broken
Template strand of dna exposed
Free mrna nucleotides in nucleus bind to complemtary nucleotides on template strand
RNA polymerase catalyses formation of hydrogen bonds
mRNA nucleotides join neighbouring nucleotides to make single strand of mrna
mRNA strand complementary to template strand + becomes coding strand
mRNA molecule leaves nucleus through pore in nuclear envelope and attached to ribosome in cytoplasm
What does rna polymerase catalyse the formation of in transcription
Hydrogen bonds
Where are enzymes formed
At ribosomes during protein synthesis
What causes active site of enzyme to be complementary to substrate
Tertiary structure of protein
Nucleotides in dna composed of
Penrose sugar deoxyribose
What’s the bond between Pentose sugar and phosphate group in nucleotide
Phosphodiester bond formed by condensation reaction
