NUCLEIC ACID Flashcards
found in all living cells. They
play a vital role in cellular organization and
function. They are essential in cell division,
reproduction, and transmission of hereditary
factors.
Nucleic acids
mildly soluble in cold water,
and insoluble in alcohol, but mix instantly in weak
alkali forming alkali metal salts. They are
precipitated from an alkaline solution by the
addition of acid.
Nucleic acids
Two types of nucleic acids are found within cells
of higher organisms
deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and ribonucleic
acid (RNA)
involved in protein synthesis
(DNA, RNA) of different tissues. They are a
component of molecules that function as
cofactors and coenzymes
Nucleic acids
long chain of polymeric
molecule
Nucleic acids
monomer or repeating units
Nucleotides
many
Polynucleotides
the storage and
transfer of genetic information. This
information is used (indirectly) to control many
functions of a living cell.
DNA
passed from existing cells
to new cells during cell division
DNA
occurs in all parts of a cell. It functions
primarily in synthesis of proteins, the
molecules that carry out essential cellular
functions
RNA
A cellular molecule
that organized into
chromosomes
DNA
t place vital role in
protein synthesis
mainly involve
decoding and
translate genetic
codes and
transcription to
produce proteins
RNA
Present in the
nucleus of the cell
and contain cellular
ability
DNA
Consists instruction
that monitored the
performance of all
cell functions
DNA
Ribosomal RNA
Transfer RNA
Micro RNA
Messenger RNA
Types of RNA
transcript that is
produce during DNA transcription
Messenger RNA
smallest among RNA and
help generate genes expression
Micro RNA
essential for the
translation of messenger RNA into protein
synthesis
Transfer RNA
one of the components
involve in protein synthesis
Ribosomal RNA
Responsible for protein synthesis.
Functions of Nucleic Acid
Ataxia-telangectasia, Bloom’s and Werner’s
syndromes, and Fanconi’s anemia.
Lost of DNA content are linked to many diseases
required for transferring of genes from
parent to offspring.
-All of the information of the cell is stored
-Information Keeper of cell
DNA.
method of forensic
sciences to determine paternity.
-identification of criminals
-play a major role in study of biological evolution
and genetics
DNA finger printing
are nearly identical polymers of
nucleotides except from the base pairs.
DNA and RNA
located in nucleus of cell and
mitochondria
DNA
cytoplasm, nucleus, and
ribosome
RNA
Both possess phosphate backbone to which
bases are attached.
Cytosine, guanine, and adenine (DNA)
-contained in DNA
consists of one less oxygen-containing a
hydroxyl group
-more stable nucleic acid
deoxyribose sugar
more reactive
ribose sugar
Two types of nitrogenous bases
Pyrimidines and Purines
Cytosine, thymine, guanine, and adenine
DNA
replaced by
uracil in RNA
Thymine
