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Global Current Affairs > Nuclear Proliferation > Flashcards

Nuclear Proliferation Flashcards

1
Q

Where was the Chernobyl power plant located?

A

Pripyat, Ukraine

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2
Q

What caused the explosion?

A

Reactor design flaws and operators arragnged the core in manner contrary to stress checklist

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3
Q

How many days did nuclear fission products fly into the atmosphere for?

A

9 days

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4
Q

How many tines more radioactive material than hiroshima was there after the Chernobyl incident

A

400x

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5
Q

How many KM of land was contaminated after the Chernobyl blast?

A

100KM

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6
Q

How far did the fallout spread?

A

Across western Soviet Union and most of Europe

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7
Q

How many victims?

A

4000+ with massive increase of birth deformaties and cases of thyroid cancer

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8
Q

What was the symbolic significance of the Chernobyl incident?

A

Decline of USSR and highlighted the dangers of nuclear power. Reactor 3 continued working until 2000

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9
Q

What reactor exploded?

A

Unit 4

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10
Q

What is the 3 ways a nuclear bomb can be deployed? (Nuclear Triad)

A

Inter-continental ballistic missile
Nuclear bombers (planes)
Submarine launched ballistic missiles

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11
Q

How far can a IRBM travel?

A

3,000-5,500km

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12
Q

Where did the Reykjavik summit take place?

A

Hofdi House

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13
Q

What was the point of the Reykjavik summit?

A

Proposal for total nuclear disarmament of the 2 superpowers.

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14
Q

Was the Reykjavik summit successful?

A

No, because Reagan refused to give up the missile system (star wars system) but it DID set foundations for major reduction treaties to be signed in the coming years.

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15
Q

What is the INF Treaty?

A

Between USA and USSR signed in 1987 - Eliminated all nuclear and conventional missiles as well as their launchers with short ranges and intermediate ranges

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16
Q

When did Russia breach the INF treaty?

A

2014 missiles were tested, obama persuaded russia to correct the violation but it failed and they moved ahead with the system developing a fully operational unit.

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17
Q

How many nuclear warheads exists in total?

A

15,000

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18
Q

How many of the nuclear warheads are US/Russia owned?

A

13,800

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19
Q

How many missiles are on dangerously high alert and ready to be launched at any time?

A

2000

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20
Q

How many minutes does a president have to make a decision on whether or not to deploy a missile?

A

4-8 minutes

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21
Q

What is the Nuclear-Non Proliferation Treaty?

A

Signed in 1968 reviewed every 5 years 190 signatoriea

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22
Q

Who did not sign the NPT

A

Pakistan, India, Israel and South Sudan (North Korea withdrew)

23
Q

What are the 3 pillars of the NPT

A

Non-proliferation, Disarmament and peaceful use of nuclear energy.

24
Q

What is the NNPT

A

Held at UN HQ in New York. Assess implementation of the NPT and make recommendations to strengthen it.

25
Q

What is the Nuclear Security Summit (2010)?

A

Held in Washington DC and Aims to safeguard weapons grade plutonium and uranium to help prevent nuclear terrorism

26
Q

What is the START Treaty?

A

Strategic arms reduction treaty. US/Russia came into force 1994. Resulted in 80% removal of nuclear weapons in 2001

27
Q

What is the SORT?

A

Strategic offensive reductions treaty (Superseded by the new start.)

28
Q

Who signed the new START?

A

Obama and Medvedev

29
Q

What did the new START accomplish?

A

Significant reduction to nuclear missile launchers 50% and to deployed strategic nuclear warheads

30
Q

What was Donald Trump’s Opinion on the new START?

A

He declined to renew it as he thought it was a ‘bad deal’

31
Q

What is the Comprehensive Nuclear Test Ban Treaty?

A

Signed in 1996, bans ALL NUCLEAR EXPLOSIONS signed by 183 states.

32
Q

When did North Korea carry out their largest test that caused a 5.1 Richter scale earthquake?

A

2013

33
Q

What did the KCNA claim about North Korea’s development of nuclear weapons?

A

That North Korea have managed to miniaturise powerful nuclear device to put on a rocket.

34
Q

Why, according to the DPRK was the test carried out?

A

Because of the US’s outrageous hostility

35
Q

What is feared about the bombs North Korea are making?

A

That they are built using enriched uranium (more complicated, more devistating)

36
Q

Why is it unlikely that Iran has only been developing nuclear power for energy?

A

Iran has failed to abide by UN IAEA demands
Former president repeatedly called for destruction of Israel
Iran was predicted to have a usable nuclear bomb soon

37
Q

What effect on the world would Iran possessing a nuclear bomb have?

A

It would have huge consequences on the regional balance of power, international relations and nuclear deterrence

38
Q

What year did Iran have uranium enrichment up to 20%?

A

2010

39
Q

What was the deal between Iran, Turkey and Brazil?

A

Iran gives its 2,200 kilos of uranium > gives 1100 to Turkey, Turkey turn it into nuclear fuel.

40
Q

Why was the agreement between Iran, Turkey and Brazil criticized?

A

Because it circumvents the UN/IAEA process and leaves Iran with 1000 kilos of uranium unaccounted for (which Iran refuses to surrender) and doesn’t address the issue of Iran enriching uranium at 20%

41
Q

Who gave the Red Line speech?

A

Netanyahu

42
Q

What was the Red Line speech about?

A

Netanyahu called on the international community to set a red line to stop Iran from making a nuclear weapon

43
Q

Can Israel attack Iran without the international community’s support?

A

Technically possible but extremely risky. No guarantee of success. Their ballistic missiles aren’t accurate enough. Israeli jets would need refueling. Neighboring Muslim countries would react (Turkey, Syria) and will trigger counter attack by Iran and by Hezbollah and Hamas

44
Q

What is the US response to Iran potentially becoming a nuclear state?

A

Obama administration did not rule out military operation but Obama favored diplomacy.

45
Q

When might an attack take place in Iran?

A

April to June

46
Q

What is NANTANZ?

A

A Uranium enrichment centre located in Iran

47
Q

Who has Russia made nuclear deals with?

A

Egypt, Jordan, Algeria, Morocco and in talks with Turkey

48
Q

Who is the former US Secretary of State (under president Obama)

A

John Kerry

49
Q

Who is the president of Iran

A

Hassan Rouhani

50
Q

What was the 2014 temporary nuclear deal about?

A

Iran will halt further and will dilute existing stockpiles of near 20% enriched uranium. It will not build or develop its existing enrichment facilities. In return world powers will ease sanctions and will provide Iran with relief / aid

51
Q

An agreement was reached after the temporary nuclear deal, what did it involve?

A

April 2015 agreement - Urainium stockpile to be reduced by 98% to 300kg for 15 years, keep the level of enrichment down to 3.67%

52
Q

What monotoring will take place of Iran’s nuclear sites?

A

IAEA will inspect nuclear sites and will varify that no material is moved to a secret location. IAEA are allowed to access any site anywhere in the country that they deem suspicious.

53
Q

Is Iran still complying with the April 2015 agreement?

A

It is so far fully complying but has been recently carrying out ballistic missile tests that could carry a nuclear warhead. They are a separate issue to the agreement however.

54
Q

What is the Israeli intelligence service called?

A

Mossad

Global Current Affairs (5 decks)

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