Nuclear power Flashcards
How many countries have uranium mines?
twenty
1/2 comes from canada, australia, niger, kazakhstan, russia and namibia
How many tonnes of fuel are needed each year by a 1000 MWe nuclear reactor?
1000
Coal needs 2.5 million for the same energy production
What are the main causes for nuclear waste?
- mining and milling of uranium
- spent fuel discharged from reactors
- reprocessing of fiel
- decomissioning
- military
- medical and engineering
What are the three most important categories of nuclear waste?
LLW - discarded equipment
ILW - stripped/ leached remains of cladding or PCM
HLW - fission products
What are the levels of radiaoactive wastes?
VLLW - can be disposed as normal (1m^3 < 400 KBq)
LLW - not exceing 4GBq/t - no shielding required, placed in containers and bruuied
ILW - above levels of LLW but not significantly heat generating, requires shielding (cement)
HLW - significantly heat generating; requires shielding - put in glass
how long would it take one person to produce one handfull of HLW from energy production?
80 years
What is a PWR?
a pressurized water reactor
What is an AGR?
An advanced gas cooled reactor
What is a BWR?
A boilign water reactor
What is a PHWR?
A pressurized heavy water reactor
What is a LFR
A gen 4 reactor
Lead cooled fast reactor
What is an SFR?
A sodium cooled fast reactor (GEN 4)
What is a GFR?
A gen 4 gass colled fast reactor
What is an MSR?
a gen 4 molten salt reactor
WHat is an SMR?
a small modular reactor
