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Year 11 Physics > nuclear physics and radioactivity > Flashcards

nuclear physics and radioactivity Flashcards

1
Q

Nucleons is the term to describe protons and electrons

A

false (describes neutron and protons)

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2
Q

An isotope has the same number of nucleons, but different number of protons

A

false (same number of protons, different number of neutrons)

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3
Q

The strong nuclear force acts between protons and electrons

A

false (between nucleons (protons, protons; protons, neutrons; neutrons, neutrons))

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4
Q

The mass of a nucleus is less than that of its constituents

A

true

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5
Q

An isotope of carbon must have 6 protons

A

true

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6
Q

The electron volt is a unit of measurement for potential difference (voltage)

A

false (measures energy)

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7
Q

Any nuclear reaction must have a conservation of charge

A

true

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8
Q

Any nuclear reaction must have a conservation of momentum

A

true

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9
Q

Any nuclear reaction must have a conservation of mass

A

false (must conserve mass/energy but the two can be converted)

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10
Q

Any nuclear reaction must have a conservation of nucleons

A

true

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11
Q

Any nuclear reaction must have a conservation of protons

A

false (beta decay involves either truing a neutron into a proton or vice versa)

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12
Q

An unstable nucleus with more than 83 protons will tend to experience alpha decay

A

true

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13
Q

An alpha particle is a hydrogen nucleus

A

false (its a helium nucleus)

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14
Q

An unstable nucleus with too many protons will experience beta minus decay

A

false (beta plus decay if it has too many protons)

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15
Q

An N versus Z graph will show a perfectly straight line for all atoms

A

false (straight for first 30 or so, then curved (more neutrons per proton))

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16
Q

In a fission reactor, the moderator speeds up neutrons

A

false (the moderator slows down neutrons so that they can be absorbed the uranium nuclei)

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17
Q

Fission involves the combination of two smaller nuclei to make one larger nucleus.

A

false (that process is fusion. fission involves on nucleus splitting into two smaller nuclei)

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18
Q

Leptons are affected by all four of the fundamental forces.

A

false

19
Q

U-235 is the more abundant uranium isotope

A

false

20
Q

U-238 is the uranium isotope used in fission reactions.

A

false

21
Q

What is the formula for F

A

Gm1 m2/r^2

22
Q

What does g equal

A

9.8ms^-2

23
Q 
Which combination has the closest similarity in mass
J. Protons and Electrons	
K. Protons and Neutrons
L. Neutrons and Electrons	
M. Protons, Neutrons and Electrons
A

k

24
Q 
Isotopes are chemically identical because they
J. have the same number of protons	
K. have the same number of electrons
L. have the same charge			
M. all of the above
A

m

25
Q 
In the equation E = ∆mc2, what does the c represent?
J. Charge		
K. Coulombs		
L. Carbon		
M. Speed of Light
A

m

26
Q 
How many nucleons are in a helium nucleus (alpha particle)?
J. 1			
K. 2			
L. 3			
M. 4
A

m

27
Q 
The atomic number (Z) represents the number of…
J. Protons		
K. Electrons		
L. Neutrons		
M. Nucleons
A

j

28
Q 
The atomic mass (A) represents the number of…
J. Protons		
K. Electrons		
L. Neutrons		
M. Nucleons
A

m

29
Q 
N represents the number of…
J. Protons		
K. Electrons		
L. Neutrons		
M. Nucleons
A

l

30
Q 
A radioactive sample of 100 nuclei has a half-live of 2 days. In four days, it will have
J. 99 nuclei		
K. 98 nuclei		
L. 50 nuclei		
M. 25 nuclei
A

m

31
Q 
Which of the following types of radiation can pass through wood?
J. α			
K. β+			
L. β-			
M. γ
A

m

32
Q 
Plotting a graph of remaining radioactive nuclei on the y-axis against number of half-lives on the x-axis will give what kind of straight line
J. Increasing Straight Line		
K. Increasing Exponential
L. Decreasing Straight Line		
M. Decreasing Exponential
A

m

33
Q 
A nucleus of 78 nucleons with too many protons will undergo which type of decay?
J. α			
K. β+			
L. β-			
M. γ
A

k

34
Q 
A nucleus of 88 nucleons with too many neutrons will undergo which type of decay?
J. α			
K. β+			
L. β-			
M. γ
A

l

35
Q 
A nucleus of 94 protons has too many protons. What type of decay will it undergo? 
J. α			
K. β+			
L. β-			
M. γ
A

j

36
Q 
A radioactive sample has a half-life of 15 days. If the original sample is 150 grams, how long will it take to reach 18.75 grams
J. 15 days		
K. 30 days		
L. 45 days		
M. 1 day
A

l

37
Q 
Two measurements of a sample were taken, one year apart. The first reading was 20 Bq and the second was 0.625 Bq. What is the half-life of the sample?
J. 73 days		
K. 80 days		
L. 3 months		
M. 1 year
A

j

38
Q 
Which of the following is not an example of a boson?
J. Graviton		
K. Baryon		
L. Photon		
M. Gluon
A

k

39
Q 
PET scans involve the use of
J. Alpha Decay		
K. Beta Plus Decay	
L. Beta Minus Decay	
M. Gamma Decay
A

k

40
Q 
Which of the following statements about coincidence lines is false?
J. They are produced by annihilation		
K. They travel at 90o to each other
L. They are used in PET scans 			
M. They are two gamma rays
A

k

41
Q 
A baryon is made of how many quarks?
J. 6			
K. 5			
L. 4			
M. 3
A

m

42
Q

What does A Z and N stand for

A

Z- protons
A- atomic mass (number of nucleons)
N- neutrons

43
Q

Z-N= ?

A-Z=?

A

A

N

44
Q

What are the four fundamental forces and the gauge boson for each.

A

electromagnetic- photon
gravitational- gravitation
strong nuclear- Gluon
Weak Nuclear- W and Z Bosons

Year 11 Physics (1 decks)

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