Nuclear Physics Flashcards
What are the two interpretations of E=MC^2
Mass can transform into energy, as in electron-positron annihilation. Energy has mass; moving objects have greater mass than at rest.
What is mass defect
The difference between the mass of the completely separated nucleons and the mass of the nucleus.
What is binding energy
The minimum energy required to completely separate a nucleus into its constituent protons and neutrons.
What is induced fission
Induced fission is when a heavy atomic nucleus, such as uranium-235, absorbs a slow-moving neutron, becomes unstable, and subsequently splits into two daughter nuclei, releasing energy and 3 fast neutrons.
What is the draw back to nuclear power
Releases harmful radioactive waste
How does a fission reactor work
Fuel rods containing uranium are spaced evenly within a reactor core. A coolant, such as water, is used to remove the thermal energy produced by the fission into steam to turbines. A moderator is used to slow down the neutrons produced due to fission. A control rod is used to absorb the neutrons produced to ensure only one neutron remains per fission.
How does fusion work
At high temperatures, nuclei move faster and can get close to each other to overcome the repulsive forces and fuse
