Nuclear Model of the Atom (1/2 of Nuclear) Flashcards
Protons charge
Positive Charge
Neutron charge
No charge
Electrons charge
Negative charge
Every atom has a _____ nucleus containing smaller sub-_____ particles called _____ and _______
central, sub-atomic, protons and neutrons
Electron: Symbol, charge & mass
symbol = e^-
charge = -1
Mass = considered to be 0 (1/840)
Proton: Symbol, charge & mass
symbol = p^+
charge = +1
Mass = 1
Neutron: Symbol, charge & mass
symbol = n^0
charge = 0
Mass = 1
Atoms always have the same number of what?
Protons and Electrons. This is because Atoms are always neutral
What orbits the nucleus?
Electrons
Nucleon (mass) number = ?
protons + neutrons
What are ions?
Ions are charged atoms. They turn into ions through the loss or gain of electrons
Proton/Atomic number = ?
Number of protons
What is an element?
A substance that is entirely made up of one type of atom
What makes an atom unique
Atoms vary by having varying amounts of protons which also affects the number of electrons (since neutron atoms have equal protons/electrons)
Different atoms will behave _____ because of the difference in _______/_______ numbers
differently, proton, electron
Isotopes
variants of the same atom. they have the same proton/electron number, but they have a different neutron number.
Isotopes therefore have the same proton number but different mass number
Nuclear fusion
The process in which two light nuclei combine together and combine to make singular, heavier nucleus releasing a vast amount of energy
Nuclear fission
When an unstable, heavy nucleus splits into two smaller nuclei releasing a vast amount of energy in the process
Nuclide properties
Nucleon number (sum of protons and neutrons), represented as A, on top of the proton number (number of protons), represented as Z.
This is then placed to the left of a large symbol which would just be the element symbol
