Nuclear Chemistry Flashcards
What makes nuclei unstable?
Is there is too few or too many neutrons in the nuclei it becomes unstable.
What are isotopes?
Isotopes are atoms that have the same atomic number but different mass number.
Why is an unstable nucleus radioactive?
When nuclei becomes unstable it’s because they have too much energy. By getting rid of this energy they emitt nuclear radiation.
What types of nuclear radiation is there?
Alpha, beta and gamma
What does alpha radiation consist of ?
2 neutrons and 2 protons
What charge does an alpha particle have?
Positive charge
What do beta particles consist of?
Electrons (comes from nucleus)
What charge does a beta particle have?
Negative charge
What are gamma rays?
Gamma rays are high frequency energy waves that carry the energy from the nucleus leaving it in a more stable state.
What is the most penetrating radiation?
Gamma rays
What is the least penetrating radiation?
Alpha particles
What is beta particles absorbed by?
Thick aluminium
What absorbs alpha particles?
Paper
What does gamma get absorbed by?
Thick lead
What is nuclear fission?
When a neutron hits a nucleus this nucleus splits into two lighter nuclei. From this two or more neutrons are released.
