nuclear chem Flashcards
What is nuclear radiation?
radiation given off in order to stabilize the nucleus, and it cannot be controlled
What is a radioisotope?
atom with unstable nucleus that gives off radiation to become more stable
What does nuclear stability depend on?
number of neutrons relative number of protons in nucleus
Why does nuclear/radioactive decay occur?
The nucleus is unstable and needs to release radiation to become stable
What are the different types of radiation (particles)?
Alpha, Beta and Gamma
What kind of particle is an Alpha particle
A Helium nucleus (2 protons + 2 neutrons)
What can shield against an Alpha particle
Paper, skin
What kind of particle is a Beta particle
A fast moving electron
What charge does an Alpha particle have
+2
What charge does a Beta particle have
-1
What can shield against a Beta particle
Metal foil, wood
What is Gamma Radiation
High-energy electromagnetic radiation
What can shield against Gamma radiation
Concrete or lead
What happens if there’s too many neutrons
Beta Decay
beta radiation on right side
What happens if there’s too few neutrons
Electron capture (opposite of Beta decay)
beta radiation on left side
