Nuclear

Question 1

Refers to particles or photons emitted in nuclear decay

Answer 1

Radiation

Question 2

Any process by which an unstable atom or nucleus spontaneously emits subatomic particles

Answer 2

Radioactive decay

Question 3

Basically a helium nucleus

Answer 3

Alpha particle

Question 4

Commonly found during radioactive decay from heavier nuclide

Answer 4

Alpha particle

Question 5

Net result is to increase the neutron-to-proton ratio

Answer 5

Alpha particle

Question 6

Can be stopped by paper or skin, not an external hazard

Answer 6

Alpha particle

Question 7

Least penetrating and the heaviest

Answer 7

Alpha particle

Question 8

Basically an electron

Answer 8

Beta particle

Question 9

Can be stopped by an aluminum, more of an internal hazard

Answer 9

Beta particle

Question 10

Emitted when the netron-to-proton ratio is higher than the zone of stability

Answer 10

Beta particle

Question 11

Also known as high energy photon

Answer 11

Gamma ray

Question 12

• an EM radiation emitted by a nucleus in an excited state
• massless and uncharged
• usually a by-product of an alpha particle

Answer 12

Gamma ray

Question 13

Can be stopped by lead

Answer 13

Gamma Ray

Question 14

Most penetrating

Answer 14

Gamma ray

Question 15

An antimatter of electron emitted when the neutron-to-proton ratio is lower than the zone of stability

Answer 15

Positron

Question 16

• usually accompanied by emission of gamma ray or x-ray

- inner orbital electron is captured by the nucleus to increase proton ratio

Answer 16

Electron capture

Question 17

Can be stopped by concrete

Answer 17

Neutron

Question 18

Cannot be accelerated in a particle accelerator

Answer 18

Neutron

Question 19

Nucleus breaks into 2 or more fragments

Answer 19

Fission Reactions

Question 20

Nuclei fuse to form a bigger nucleus

Answer 20

Fusion Reactions

Question 21

High speed projectile chops of a fragment of the nucleus leaving behind a smaller nucleus

Answer 21

Spallation Reactions

Question 22

Same atomic number but different mass number

Answer 22

Isotopes

Question 23

Same mass number

Answer 23

Isobars

Question 24

Same number of neutrons

Answer 24

Isotones

Question 25

Same difference of neutron and proton or same isotopic number

Answer 25

Isodiaphers

Question 26

Same number of atoms and same number of electrons

Answer 26

Isosters

Question 27

Identical atomic and mass number but differing in radioactive decay

Answer 27

Isomers

Question 28

Nuclei above the belt of stability undergo

Answer 28

Beta emission

Question 29

Nuclei below the belt of stability undergo

Answer 29

Positron emission or electron capture

Question 30

Nuclei woth atomic number greater than 83 usually undergo

Answer 30

Alpha emission

Question 31

System loses mass

Answer 31

Exoergic

Question 32

System gains mass

Answer 32

Endoergic

Question 33

True or False Mass and energy changed in nuclear reactions are much greater than chemical reactions

Answer 33

True

Question 34

Is the amount of matter that would be converted into energy if a nucleus were formed from initially separated protons and neutrons

Answer 34

Mass defect

Question 35

- energy released in the formation of an atom from subatomic particles - is the amount of energy released when the separate nucleons combine to form nucleus - energy required to separate the constituent nucleons completely into free particles

Answer 35

Binding energy

Question 36

Number of disintegration per time

Answer 36

Activity

Question 37

Activity of 1 g sample of Ra-226

Answer 37

Curie

Question 38

Energy deposited by ionizing radiation per unit mass of material

Answer 38

Absorbed dose