Nsg Fundamentals Unit 3 Flashcards
Define the steps and characteristics of the nursing process.
The nursing process is dynamic, continuous, patient centered. DOESN’T revolve around the nurse.
A- What is the purpose? Gather data.
D- Identify patient health needs (problems the nurse needs to take care of)
P- Goal outcome (decide goals patient to achieve) (Choosing interventions to help patient achieve goal)
I-Put interventions into action
E Judge whether actions we took were successful.
What elements define critical thinking?
It is not linear process.
Aquired through hard work, commitment and active curiosity.
It is knowledge based.
What skill separates the RN from other ancillary staff?
DECISION MAKING
What are the KEYS to critical thinking?
Stop and Think. Recognize Assumptions Evaluate Information Draw Conclusions Plan of action. (STOP at the RED light to plan your action)
What is critical thinking
It is a cognitive process to analyze knowledge, and anticipate what may happen. It is based on evidence and science to support action and interventions.
Characteristics of a critical thinker
Fair minded Reasoned thinking open to alternatives flexible able to reflect on behavior done seek the truth Ability to plan for care/anticipate needs
Characteristics and attitude of critical thinkers
Understand logical connection between ideas
Identify, construct, evaluate arguments
detect inconsistencies and mistakes in reasoning
problem solve systematically
ID relevance and importance of ideas
reflect on the justification of one’s values/beliefs
Why is Critical Thinking Important for Nurses?
Nurses apply knowledge to provide holistic care
Nursing is an applied discipline
Nursing uses knowledge from other fields
Nursing is fast-paced
What are the components of critical thinking?
Specific knowledge base Experience Competencies Attitudes Standards
What are the levels of critical thinking?
Level 3 Commitment (to apply)
Level 2 Complex
Level 1 Basic
What is the focus in theoretical classes within nursing program.
Facts, information and principles.
What is the focus in practical/lab classes within nursing program.
Knowing what to do and how to do it as it applies to practice. Hands on.
What is self knowledge?
Your own beliefs, values, culture and religion.
What is ethical knowledge?
What about caring component?
Right from wrong.
Knowing, being with, doing for, believing patient will improve
Looking up a medication a nurse is unfamiliar with prior to administration is demonstrating what component of critical thinking?
?Competence
Knowledge (trying to gain more information)
?Experience
?Independent Thinker
What is the purpose of the Nsg Assessment?
Written, comprehensive and identify priorities of care.
ANA says RN responsibility to do comprehensive assessment.
1. Data collection
2. Organize data
3. Validating data
4. Clustering data to identify patterns
5. Record (documenting what you did) and Report data
What are the different types of nsg assessments?
- Initial/Assessment: establish complete data base on this patient, identifies problems, establishes prioritization and baseline information (get done within certain amount of time, typically 24 hours)
- Focused Assessment: Gather ongoing data about specific problem ALREADY identified. (pt has PNA~ focus on lungs—see if there is progress or changes) *listen to heart and lungs
- Comprehensive Assessment: “shift assessment” establish baseline, prioritization and continuous data collection
- Emergency Assessment: identify life threatening problem.
- Time-Lapsed: compare patient health status to baseline (periodic assessments—i.e. LTC)
- Special Needs: nutritional usually end in referral—ie dietician , WOCN, PT/OT difficulty eating
Objective Data
can be measured, is overt, more reliable (SIGNS!)
Subjective Data
patient reported (SYMPTOMS!) “I cant tell if it is actually there, not measureable”
PRIMARY SOURCE of information
PATIENT (even minors)
SECONDARY SOURCE of information
FAMILY MEMBER
Assessment: Data Collection (methods)
- Observation “hallway observation” .. FOUR SENSES! General appearance- age, presentation, interacting
- Interview- getting information. Establish trust before asking questions, OPEN ENDED QUESTIONS… AVOID WHY.” Tell me..” LISTEN ACTIVELY, REFLECTIVE LISTENING, AVOID IMPULSE TO INTERRUPT
- History Collection- Have they had sx before? Seen physician? What have you done for this before? Recent medication changes?
- Physical Examination- complete head to toe assessment, systematic manner
- Other Sources of Data Collection
What is the difference between medical and nursing assessment?
Medical Assessments focus on disease and pathology.
Nursing assessment focus on patient responses to illness. Treat signs/symptoms of disease/pathology.
What is important to do with assessment data for prioritization and care planning?
Organize, Validate, Cluster
