NSC And decision making

Question 1

What are the functions of the Senate

Answer 1

To ratify treaties and confirm cabinet members

Question 2

Four reasons that created the national security act of 1947 Considering the effects of World War II

Answer 2

1. To prevent surprise wars from ever happening again
2. The War saw the growth of land based AirPower do you want institutional capacity of the army to develop affective air strategy and tactics
3. The need to combine Chiefs of staff and branches of the military
4. President Truman was in the dark on so many security issues which pointed for a mechanism to coordinate American national security policy

Question 3

What agency is the national security act create

Answer 3

It created the CIA, separated the Air Force, created the Director of central intelligence, And also created the institution of the joint Chiefs of staff.
The most important agency created what is a National Security Council

Question 4

Who sits on the National Security Council

Answer 4

The president and vice president, secretary of state and secretary of defence what’s the joint Chiefs of staff and Director of Central intelligence a statutory advisors.

Question 5

When was the department of defence created

Answer 5

1949

Question 6

What is the war Powers resolution of 1973

Answer 6

An attempt to set limits on presidential powers
Many presidents consider it unconstitutional
Requires the president gets congressional approval in all instances where he introduces troops to a situation where combat is a likelihood
The president must withdraw troops at any time if Congress direct him to do so by joint resolution

Question 7

What is the Goldwater Nichols act 1986

This was also in place with the Colin nunn amendment

Answer 7

A

Question 8

What led to the creation of the GNA and the cohen nunn amendment

Answer 8

The 1980 attempt to rescue hostages from Iran, this mission was marked by the failure of inter-service coordination and command and control
The second was noted in the Granada operation of 1983

Question 9

What did the GNA focus on

Answer 9

Focus on affective joint operations or jointness
It made the CJCS the principal a military adviser to the president and secretary of defence, it created the position of vice chairman
It also changed the order of command to president to secretary of defence to commanders of the unified commands
The GNA requires presidents to produce is a National Security Strategy as an unclassified report to Congress

Question 10

How many national security strategies were produced by President George W. Bush and Barack Obama

Answer 10

They both produce two

Question 11

What was the Cohen -nunn amendment focus

Answer 11

It establish the United States special operations command (USSOCOM) in addition the operational command and control headquarters the joint special operations command came under USSOCOM

Question 12

What is the purpose of the national security council

Answer 12

To advise the president on security policy

Question 13

What does a National Security Advisor do

Answer 13

He is not subject to confirmation by the Senate. He organizes the NSC staff runs meeting develops position papers and sees that the NSC products are drafted debated and staffed

Question 14

What is the office below the nsc

Answer 14

The principles committee which is the NSC minus the president and vice president

Question 15

What office is below the principles committee

Answer 15

The deputies Committee
It is chaired by the deputy national security advisor and made up of the deputies of the members of the principals committee. A Deputy can substitute for principles if someone is unable to attend

Question 16

Define the major features of the department of state

Answer 16

It is headed by the secretary of state who is the presidents principal advisor on foreign affairs
The department of state is made up of multiple bureaus in Washington and nearly 200 embassies around the world. The professionals in the department of state are mainly foreign service officers (FSO)

Question 17

What are the major features of department of defence

Answer 17

It is the largest single department in terms of personnel in the US government with approximately 3 million military and civilian employees
The personnel are organized into three military departments the department of the army navy and Air Force
This is for the broken down into four services Army Navy Marines and Air Force
Each department is headed by a civilian secretary who is subordinate to the secretary of defence
Each service is headed by a four-star chief who also serves as a member of the joint Chiefs of staff

Question 18

What was the reason for the creation of NSC papers the most important which was NSC 68 issued in 1950

Answer 18

The deepening Cold War prompted the Truman administration to consider developing a long-term strategy for dealing with the Soviet union

Question 19

What did NSC 68 outline

Answer 19

After discussing the nature of the Soviet bread and the differences between the US democratic system and the Soviet design it laid out the ends or goals of the American strategy, the ways or methods, in the means or resources needed to carry it out
Essentially it asked for a large buildup of American military forces. There was no budget originally which made it hard to push through in Congress however North Korea’s on top in South Korea reassure the need for it

Question 20

What did Eisenhower do with the NSC

Answer 20

He established two major committees of the NSC
The NSC planning board which prepared studies, policy recommendations, and the basic drafts for NSC coordination.
And the operations coordinating board which was the coordinating and integrating arm for all aspects of the implementation of national security policy
He also established a National Security Advisor role

Question 21

How did the NSC work under JFK and LBJ

Answer 21

They dramatically reduce the size as the Butte it is too cumbersome and large.
They also changed the introduction outside experts to the NFC staff and increased the importance of the NSA by combining the roles of Eisenhowers SAPNSA and staff Director as well as his choice of Harvard dean job

Question 22

Who was the biggest determinant in changes for the NSC

Answer 22

Henry Kissinger who went through the Nixon and Ford governments. He served as the national security advisor and Secretary of State
Kissinger established himself is the chair of the Washington special action group, MSC intelligence committee, defence program review committee, and senior policy review group. This essentially made Kissinger the centre of almost all national security decision making.