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Pharmacology 2 > NSAIDS, DMARDS and Hyperuricemia drugs > Flashcards

NSAIDS, DMARDS and Hyperuricemia drugs Flashcards

1
Q

Examples of DMARDs

A
  • Methotrexate
  • Azathioprine
  • Penicillamine
  • Hydroxychloroquine
  • Chloroquine
  • Organic gold compounds
  • Sulfasalazine
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2
Q

Therapeutic goal of DMARDs

A

-Reduce disease activity
-Retard progression of arthritic tissue destruction

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3
Q

Effects of DMARDs may take how long to be evident

A

6weeks - 6months

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4
Q

Methotrexate is contraindicated in

A

Pregnancy and breastfeeding

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5
Q

Therapeutic action of sulfasalazine

A
  • metabolised to sulfapyridine and 5-aminosalicylic acid
  • decrease IgA and IgM rheumatoid factor production
  • absorption is 10 - 20%
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6
Q

Actions of NSAIDs

A

Anti-inflammatory
Analgesic
Antipyretic
Antithrombotic

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7
Q

Prostanoids include

A

Prostaglandins
Prostacycline
Thromboxane A2

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8
Q

Prostanoids are synthesized from

A

Arachidonic acids derived from phospholipids

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9
Q

Enzyme responsible for synthesis of prostanoids

A

Prostaglandin endoperoxidase G/H synthase (cyclooxygenase)

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10
Q

Isoforms of COX

A

COX-1: housekeeping functions, expressed constitutively in most cells
COX-2: Principal source of prostanoid formation in inflammation and cancer

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11
Q

Function of PGI2

A

Inhibits platelet aggregation, vasodilation, vascular permeability

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12
Q

Function of PGE2

A

Pain, hyperalgia, heat, vasodilation, bronchoconstriction, synergist with pro inflammatory mediators like Histamine

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13
Q

Function of TXA2

A

Promote platelet aggregation
Vasoconstriction
Bronchoconstriction

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14
Q

Classify NSAIDs based on chemical structure

A

Salicylates eg aspirin
Acetic Acid eg indomethacin
Fenamic Acid eg meclofenamate
Enolic acids eg piroxicam
Proprionic Acids eg ibuprofen
Ketones eg nabumetone

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15
Q

Classify NSAIDs based on enzyme selectivity

A

Non selective COX enzyme inhibitor (aspirin)

COX-2 Selective inhibitors (‘coxibs’)

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16
Q

Classify NSAIDs based on plasma elimination half life

A

Short half Life(<6hrs) eg aspirin, diclofenac, ibuprofen

Long half life (>10hrs) eg naproxen, piroxicam, coxibs

17
Q

Chemistry of aspirin

A

Salicilate and weak organic acid, used as standard to compare other NSAIDS

Pharmacology 2 (7 decks)

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