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Decision Making In Pharmacology > NSAIDs > Flashcards

NSAIDs Flashcards

1
Q

NSAIDS block ______, which is one of the end products of the arachidonic acid pathway

A

Prostaglandins

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2
Q

This pathway is involved in the development of inflammation and its associated clinical signs

A

Arachidonic acid pathway

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3
Q

What type of effect does prostacyclin (PGI2) have?

A

Anti-platelet effect (inhibits platelet adhesion, activation, and aggregation)

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4
Q

What is the effect of thromboxane A2?

A

It results in vasoconstriction and platelet aggregation
Remember, thromboxane = thrombus

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5
Q

What are some of the effects of prostaglandin (E2)?

A
  • major proinflammatory mediator and pain
  • vasodilation
  • decreased GI motility
  • fever
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6
Q

This is induced by COX-2 in inflammation

A

Prostaglandin (E2)

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7
Q

What are some effects of PGF2a?

A
  • vasoconstriction
  • bronchoconstriction (avoid in asthmatics)
  • contraction of uterine and GI smooth muscle
  • luteolysis/synchronization of estrus
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8
Q

This enzyme maintains integrity of GI mucous membranes, renal blood flow, etc

A

Cox 1 enzyme

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9
Q

This is an inducible enzyme that is responsible for the damaging effects of inflammation

A

Cox 2 enzyme

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10
Q

(T/F) Specificity of most drugs is overcome at high doses regarding Cox selectivity

A

True

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11
Q

Drugs that end in -coxib are the most (COX-1/COX-2) selective

A

COX-2

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12
Q

What are some general pharmacokinetics of NSAIDs?

A
  • High oral bioavailability
  • Small volume of distribution
  • Hepatic metabolism
  • Renal elimination
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13
Q

What are some clinical uses for NSAIDs?

A
  • Antipyretic
  • Analgesia (osteoarthritis and post-op pain)
  • Endotoxemia/sepsis
  • Anti-coagulant activity
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14
Q

What NSAIDs are appropriate for us in dogs?

A

Carprofen, meloxicam, firocoxib, robenacoxib, deracoxib

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15
Q

What NSAIDs are appropriate for us in cats?

A

Meloxicam and Robenacoxib

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16
Q

What NSAIDs are appropriate for us in horses?

A

Flunixin meglumine, phenylbutazone, ketoprofen, firocoxib, diclofenac

17
Q

What is the most common side effect of NSAIDs in dogs and cats?

A

Gastritis (occurs after 3-5 days of dosing)

18
Q

What specific GI adverse effect happens with NSAIDs?

A

GI ulcers

19
Q

What NSAID is most associated with gastro-duodenal perforations in dogs?

A

Meloxicam

20
Q

Inhibition of theses two things causes nephrotoxicity as an adverse effect of NSAIDs

A

PGE2 and PGI2

21
Q

What blood related adverse effect can NSAIDs have?

A

Hemorrhage due to the effect on platelets

22
Q

ALL NSAIDs cause what adverse effect in mainly dogs

A

Hepatotoxicity

23
Q

What rule do you go by when dosing NSAIDs?

A

Lowest effective dose at longest effective duration

Decision Making In Pharmacology (4 decks)

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