NS review Flashcards
a neurotransmitter released in response to the parasympathetic nervous system- puts you into a relaxed state
acetylcholine
the brain stem
madulla oblorgata
the portion of the brain responsible for maintaining homeostasis within the body
hypothalamus
the dorsal root looks different then that ventral root due to the presence of an enlargement called the dorsal root _______
ganglion
the void running down the centre of the spinal cord (2 words)
central canal
the dorsal root conducts nerve impulses _______ the spinal cord
toward
shorter branches of a neuron which receive nerve impulses
dendrites
the _______ period occurs when sodium and potassium ions are being returned to their resting potential concentrations
refractory
during resting potential, _________ is the most common ion inside the cell
potassium
synaptic _______ contain the neurotransmitters within the axon ends
vesicles
during resting potential, ________ is the most common on the outside of the cell
sodium
the ventral root conducts nerve impulses _____ from the spinal cord
away
another word for “sensory” neuron
afferent
nerves are bundles of individual cells called ______
neurons
one component of CNS
brain
the coated portions of the axon are called __________ cells
schwann
another word for “motor” neuron
efferent
the voltage inside a neuron at resting potential is approximately -
70
 axon _________ are at the end of the axon
 terminals
The three protective membranes around the spinal cord
meninges
The space between the axon ends of one nerve cell and the dendrites of a neighbouring cell
synapse
The portion of the nervous system which produces the “fight or flight” response
sympathetic
the nodes of ______ are breaks between myelinated sections of the axon
ranvier
The portion of the cerebrum responsible for thinking
frontal
The portion of the cerebrum responsible for vision
occipital
A chemical that is released to transmit a nerve impulse from one nerve cell to the next
neurotransmitter
The portion of the nervous system which is “involuntary “ (not under the conscious control)
autonomic
after an action potential, sodium and potassium return to their resting potential state by the process of ________ (2 words)
active transport
The central part of the neuron, where most activities related to the maintenance of the cell occur
cell body
___________ transmitters make the postsynaptic membrane more permeable to Na+ and therefore more likely to produce an action potential
excitatory
The stage of action potential where sodium ions begin to move into the cell
depolarization
A neurotransmitter released by the sympathetic nervous system to induce the fight or flight response
noradrenalin
_______ neurons carry nerve impulses AWAY from the CNS
motor
A type of neuron found only in the CNS
interneurons
The portion of the cerebrum responsible for understanding speech
temporal
The portion of the nervous system which puts you into a more relaxed
parasympathetic
The stage of action potential of where potassium ions begin to move out of the cell
Repolarization
The name given to the “nerve impulse” that passes along a neuron (2 words)
action potential
the ________ nervous system contains all the nerves that effect the skeletal muscle
somatic
portion of the nervous system that is not the CNN
 PNS
The portion of the brain that receives all information from the senses (except for smell) and decides where to direct it
thalamus
an involuntary response which bypasses the brain
 reflex
A substance which coats the axons of the nerve cells
myelin
The part of the brain responsible for conscious thought
cerebrum
The “master glands”
pituitary
___________ transmitters occurs because of the myelinated nature of the act
saltatory
these substances break down neurotransmitters in the synaptic cleft after their release
enzymes
The part of the brain responsible for balance 
cerebellum
A horizontal section that connects the right and left hemispheres of the brain
corpus callosum
_________ transmitters make the postsynaptic membrane less permeable to an Na+ and therefore less likely to produce an action potential
inhibitory
a component of the CNS
spinal cord
The lobe of the cerebrum responsible for hearing and smelling
temporal
______ matter in the spinal cord contains mostly cell bodies
grey
________ matter in the spinal cord contains bundles of myelinated axons
white
there are 31 pairs of ______ nerves
spinal
The sodium/potassium pump requires energy molecule
ATP
