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Ns Flashcards

1
Q

What is static friction?

A

The friction that prevents objects from moving.

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2
Q

What is kinetic friction?

A

The friction that occurs when an object is moving.

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3
Q

List the factors influencing friction.

A
  • Surface roughness
  • Type of material
  • Weight of the object
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4
Q

What are the two types of charges in static electricity?

A
  • Positive
  • Negative
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5
Q

What is the difference between conductors and insulators?

A

Conductors allow charges to move easily, while insulators do not.

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6
Q

How can objects be charged by friction?

A

By rubbing a balloon on hair to transfer electrons.

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7
Q

What is conduction in terms of charging objects?

A

Touching a charged rod to a metal sphere transfers charge.

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8
Q

What is induction in the context of charging objects?

A

Bringing a charged object near a conductor without touching.

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9
Q

Define electric current.

A

Flow of electric charges, measured in amperes.

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10
Q

What is voltage?

A

The potential difference driving the current, measured in volts.

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11
Q

Define resistance.

A

Opposes the flow of current, measured in ohms.

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12
Q

What is AC?

A

Alternating Current, which changes direction.

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13
Q

What is DC?

A

Direct Current, which flows in one direction.

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14
Q

Identify the components of a circuit.

A
  • Battery
  • Resistor
  • Switch
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15
Q

What does a battery do in a circuit?

A

Provides energy.

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16
Q

What is the heating effect of electric current?

A

Electric heaters use resistance to generate heat.

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17
Q

What is the magnetic effect of electric current?

A

Current-carrying wires create magnetic fields.

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18
Q

Describe a series circuit.

A

Components are connected in a single loop with the same current throughout.

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19
Q

How do you calculate resistance in a series circuit?

A

Sum up all resistances in the circuit.

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20
Q

Describe a parallel circuit.

A

Components are connected on separate branches with the same voltage across each branch.

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21
Q

How do you calculate resistance in a parallel circuit?

A

Use the reciprocal formula to find total resistance.

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22
Q

What is the speed of light in a vacuum?

A

300,000 km/s.

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23
Q

What does the visible spectrum consist of?

A

Colors from red to violet.

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24
Q

What is an opaque substance?

A

Blocks light (e.g., wood).

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25
Q

What is a transparent substance?

A

Allows light to pass through (e.g., glass).

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26
Q

What is the difference between specular and diffuse reflection?

A
  • Specular: Smooth surfaces reflect light in one direction.
  • Diffuse: Rough surfaces scatter light.
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27
Q

What is Snell’s Law?

A

Explains the bending of light when it passes through different mediums.

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28
Q

What is the core of the Sun responsible for?

A

Providing energy for life on Earth through nuclear fusion.

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29
Q

How far is Earth from the Sun?

A

About 149.6 million km.

30
Q

What type of galaxy is the Milky Way?

A

A spiral galaxy containing billions of stars.

31
Q

What is Proxima Centauri?

A

The closest star to Earth outside the Sun, about 4.24 light-years away.

32
Q

How far does light travel in a year?

A

About 9.46 trillion km.

33
Q

What is the significance of telescopes in astronomy?

A

They allow for the observation and study of distant celestial objects.

34
Q

What is a reflecting telescope?

A

Uses mirrors to collect light.

35
Q

What is a refracting telescope?

A

Uses lenses to bend light.

36
Q

What is a radio telescope?

A

Captures radio waves from space.

37
Q

What is static friction?

A

The friction that prevents objects from moving.

38
Q

What is kinetic friction?

A

The friction that occurs when an object is moving.

39
Q

List the factors influencing friction.

A
  • Surface roughness
  • Type of material
  • Weight of the object
40
Q

What are the two types of charges in static electricity?

A
  • Positive
  • Negative
41
Q

What is the difference between conductors and insulators?

A

Conductors allow charges to move easily, while insulators do not.

42
Q

How can objects be charged by friction?

A

By rubbing a balloon on hair to transfer electrons.

43
Q

What is conduction in terms of charging objects?

A

Touching a charged rod to a metal sphere transfers charge.

44
Q

What is induction in the context of charging objects?

A

Bringing a charged object near a conductor without touching.

45
Q

Define electric current.

A

Flow of electric charges, measured in amperes.

46
Q

What is voltage?

A

The potential difference driving the current, measured in volts.

47
Q

Define resistance.

A

Opposes the flow of current, measured in ohms.

48
Q

What is AC?

A

Alternating Current, which changes direction.

49
Q

What is DC?

A

Direct Current, which flows in one direction.

50
Q

Identify the components of a circuit.

A
  • Battery
  • Resistor
  • Switch
51
Q

What does a battery do in a circuit?

A

Provides energy.

52
Q

What is the heating effect of electric current?

A

Electric heaters use resistance to generate heat.

53
Q

What is the magnetic effect of electric current?

A

Current-carrying wires create magnetic fields.

54
Q

Describe a series circuit.

A

Components are connected in a single loop with the same current throughout.

55
Q

How do you calculate resistance in a series circuit?

A

Sum up all resistances in the circuit.

56
Q

Describe a parallel circuit.

A

Components are connected on separate branches with the same voltage across each branch.

57
Q

How do you calculate resistance in a parallel circuit?

A

Use the reciprocal formula to find total resistance.

58
Q

What is the speed of light in a vacuum?

A

300,000 km/s.

59
Q

What does the visible spectrum consist of?

A

Colors from red to violet.

60
Q

What is an opaque substance?

A

Blocks light (e.g., wood).

61
Q

What is a transparent substance?

A

Allows light to pass through (e.g., glass).

62
Q

What is the difference between specular and diffuse reflection?

A
  • Specular: Smooth surfaces reflect light in one direction.
  • Diffuse: Rough surfaces scatter light.
63
Q

What is Snell’s Law?

A

Explains the bending of light when it passes through different mediums.

64
Q

What is the core of the Sun responsible for?

A

Providing energy for life on Earth through nuclear fusion.

65
Q

How far is Earth from the Sun?

A

About 149.6 million km.

66
Q

What type of galaxy is the Milky Way?

A

A spiral galaxy containing billions of stars.

67
Q

What is Proxima Centauri?

A

The closest star to Earth outside the Sun, about 4.24 light-years away.

68
Q

How far does light travel in a year?

A

About 9.46 trillion km.

69
Q

What is the significance of telescopes in astronomy?

A

They allow for the observation and study of distant celestial objects.

70
Q

What is a reflecting telescope?

A

Uses mirrors to collect light.

71
Q

What is a refracting telescope?

A

Uses lenses to bend light.

72
Q

What is a radio telescope?

A

Captures radio waves from space.

NS (1 decks)

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