NS

Question 1

mechanoreceptors makeup which nerve endings

Answer 1

*Mechanoreceptors (II fibres inn muscle spindle+myelinated

mechanoreceptors: mechanical pressure and distortion. Pacinian corpuscle+ Meisner’s corpuscle, +Ruffini’s corpuscle + Merkel’s corpuscle.

Question 2

Pacinian corpuscle

Answer 2

myelinated nerve ending, encapsulated by CT sheets, lymph like fluid separates sheets, up to 1mm, convey pressure and vibration

Question 3

Merkel’s corpuscle

Answer 3

no capsule, epidermal cell associated with a free nerve ending, contain Merkel’s disc + convey fine touch.

Question 4

Meisner corpuscle

Answer 4

tapered cylinders. in hairless skin, convey fine touch.

Question 5

Ruffini’s corpuscle

Answer 5

simple fluid-filled CT spheres w/ a branching unmyelinated axon inside. Convey stretch and torque.

Question 6

thermoreceptors

Answer 6

III- touch and pressure, nociceptors and cold thermoreceptors, thin myelin
V-nociceptors and warmth thermoreceptors, unmyelinated
thermoreceptors stimuli of temperature change. Krause’s end bulb+ free nerve endings.

Question 7

krause’s end bulb

Answer 7

encapsulated thermoreceptor for cold stimuli.

Question 8

free nerve ending

Answer 8

no capsule or myelin, end in stratum granulosum of the epidermis= heat cold and pain (fine touch)

Question 9

receptors (6)

Answer 9

*Exteroreceptors- respond to stimuli outside of the body.
*Interoreceptors- stimuli inside the body.
*Proprioreceptors (Ia/b) - stimuli of self-movement and body position.
*Mechanoreceptors (II)- mechanical pressure and distortion. Pacinian corpuscle+ Meisner’s corpuscle, +Ruffini’s corpuscle + Merkel’s corpuscle.
*Thermoreceptors (III+IV) stimuli of temperature change. Krause’s end bulb+ free nerve endings.
*Nociceptors (III+IV) damaging or possibly damaging stimuli

Question 10

Golgi tendon organ (GTO) +and muscle spindle nerve endings

Answer 10

organs that asses the stretching of muscles to get a sense of proprioception.

Question 11

Motor-End-plate neuromuscular junction nerve ending

Answer 11

releases acetylcholine, triggers muscle function

Question 12

nerve+their fibres -motor

Answer 12

*α fibers connect to muscle by neuromuscular junction and facilitate muscle contraction
*β fibers innervate intrafusal and extrafusal fibers of muscle spindles
*Ɣ-gamma fibers keep muscles spindles stretched and modulate their sensitivity.

Question 13

nerve+their fibres -sensory

Answer 13

*Ia fibers innervate muscle spindle (primary), myelinated
*Ib fibers innervate Golgi tendon organ, myelinated
*II fibers innervate muscle spindle (secondary) and mechanoreceptors of the skin, myelinated
*III fibers touch and pressure, nociceptors and cold thermoreceptors, thin myelin
*IV fibers nociceptors and warmth thermoreceptors, unmyelinated

Question 14

nerve+their fibres -autonomic

Answer 14

*Preganglionic fibers have thin myelin and fast conductivity (3-15 m/s)
*Postganglionic fibers have no myelin and slow conductivity (0.5 -2.0 m/s)