NRSG Exam #1

Question 1

Adaptability

Answer 1

adjustment of the client system variables to environmental stressors in order to maintain client stability or move toward the optimal wellness level

Question 2

Central Core

Answer 2

basic structure of survival factors

Question 3

Client

Answer 3

person who engages the advice or services of another person who is qualified to provide this service

Question 4

Created Environment

Answer 4

subconsciously developed by the client as a symbolic expression of wholeness. It supersedes and encompasses the internal and external environments

Question 5

Developmental Variable

Answer 5

variable related to individual’s increasing capacity and skill in functioning, related to growth

Question 6

Empowerment

Answer 6

?

Question 7

Entropy

Answer 7

?

Question 8

Environment

Answer 8

All the internal and external factors or influences surrounding the client system

Question 9

External environment

Answer 9

All forces or interaction influences external to, or existing outside, the defined client system. Source of interpersonal and extraperson stressors

Question 10

Extrapersonal Stressor

Answer 10

?

Question 11

Flexible line of defense

Answer 11

forms the outer boundary which should act as a protective buffer to keep the client system stable (prevents stressor invasions keeping the system free from stressor reactions/symptomatology

Question 12

Health

Answer 12

?

Question 13

Internal Environment

Answer 13

All forces or interactive influences internal to, or contained solely within, the boudaries of the defined client system. It is the source of internal influences

Question 14

Interpersonal stressors

Answer 14

occur within person, ex. is infection, thoughts or feelings

Question 15

Intrapersonal stressors

Answer 15

occur between individuals, ex. role expectations, family members

Question 16

Lines of resistance

Answer 16

internal resistant forces which function to protect the basic structure’s integrity and are activated when a stressor invades through the normal line of defense

Question 17

Negentropy

Answer 17

?

Question 18

Normal Lines of Defense

Answer 18

normal or usual wellness state (the more extended, the higher the level of wellness)

Question 19

Nursing

Answer 19

to facilitate optimal wellness through retention, attainment, or maintenance of client system stability by means of primary, secondary or tertiary prevention

Question 20

Physiological variable

Answer 20

body structure/functions

Question 21

Primary prevention

Answer 21

action required to retain client system stability, intervention is selected when risk or hazard from a stressor is known but a reaction has not yet occurred. Interventions attempt to reduce the possibility of client’s encounter with a stressor or strengthen the flezible line of defense to decrease the possibility of a reaction with a stressor

Question 22

Psychological variable

Answer 22

mental processes and relationships

Question 23

Reconstitution

Answer 23

?

Question 24

Secondary Prevention

Answer 24

action required to attain client system stability. Interventions deal with existing symptoms and attempt to strengthen the lines of resistance through client’s internal & external resources

Question 25

Sociocultural variable

Answer 25

social and cultural functions

Question 26

Spiritual variable

Answer 26

aspects of spirituality, from unawareness to well developed spiritual understanding

Question 27

Stability

Answer 27

?

Question 28

Tertiary prevention

Answer 28

action required to maintain system stability. Intervention is selected when some degree of system stability has occurred following secondary prevention interventions

Question 29

Variances from wellness

Answer 29

?

Question 30

Wellness

Answer 30

sames as health

Question 31

Wholness

Answer 31

all 5 levels working optimally together

Question 32

Adherence

Answer 32

?

Question 33

Empowerment

Answer 33

?

Question 34

Entropy

Answer 34

?

Question 35

Health

Answer 35

Optimal Wellness: a continuum of wellness to illness, dynamic in nature, that is constantly subject to change. Optimal wellness or stability indicates that total system needs are being met. A reduced state of wellness is a result of unment systemic needs. The client is in a dynamic state of either wellness or illness, in varying degrees, at any given point in time.

Question 36

Health promotion

Answer 36

?

Question 37

Illness

Answer 37

disharmony among part of the system

Question 38

4 Concepts basic to Nursing

Answer 38

Client (recipient of care), Environment (internal/external that affect client), Health/illness (degree that cl. experiences), Nursing (actions of care provided)

Question 39

Florence Nightingale

Answer 39

Mother of modern nursing: Environmental Theory - body will repair itself is conditions are healthy.

Question 40

Martha Rogers

Answer 40

unitary human beings as an energy field

Question 41

Betty Neuman

Answer 41

health care systems model - open system composite of physiologic, psychologic, sociocultural, developmental and spiritual variables

Question 42

Clara Barton

Answer 42

Founded Red Cross

Question 43

Lillian Wald

Answer 43

Founded American Community Foundations - humanitarian and author

Question 44

Lavina Dock

Answer 44

Nurse, feminist, author and pioneer in nursing education. Worked at John Hopkins

Question 45

Mary Breckinridge

Answer 45

nurse-midwife and the founder of the Frontier Nursing Service. She started family care centers in the Appalachian mountains

Question 46

ANA

Answer 46

American Nursing Association

Question 47

ICN

Answer 47

International Council of Nurses

Question 48

NLN

Answer 48

National League of Nursing

Question 49

Sigma Theta Tau

Answer 49

International Honor Society

Question 50

System Model

Answer 50

Systems are interrelated parts functioning together to form a whole

Question 51

5 Client Variables

Answer 51

Physiological, Psychological, Sociocultural, Developmental, Spiritual

Question 52

Circles around Central Core?

Answer 52

Flexible Line of Defense, Normal Line of Defense, Lines of Resistance, Core

Question 53

Conceptual Framework

Answer 53

a group of related ideas or statements

Question 54

A paradigm?`

Answer 54

A set of shared understandings and assumptions about reality

Question 55

Nursing as a discipline?

Answer 55

Nursing focuses on performing the professional role

Question 56

Role of nursing Theory

Answer 56

practice theories assist nurses to reflect on the effectiveness of what they do

Question 57

Purpose of theory in science?

Answer 57

Help scientists interpret phenomena