Nozzles

Question 1

Explain what a nozzle is and how it works

Answer 1

Appliances that apply the water or extinguishing agent.

Question 2

Explain the term nozzle reaction.

Answer 2

The pressure required for effective nozzle operation and relates to flow and reach.

Question 3

Explain the difference between a solid tip nozzle pattern and a straight stream nozzle pattern.

Answer 3

Solid tip-deliver an unbroken or solid stream of water at the tip and toward the fire. Can deliver water as a solid mass or cone of water or as water droplets.
Solid Stream Nozzle- Is a factor of the tip size at a certain nozzle pressure. Excessive or reduced nozzle pressures have adverse effects on stream performance.

Question 4

What is the purpose of a Bresnan distributor?

Answer 4

Can be used to fight localized fires in basements or cellars when firefighters cannot make a direct attack on the fire.

Question 5

Explain the difference between atmospheric and gauge pressure.

Answer 5

Atmospheric- pressure exerted by the atmosphere or the weight of the air at the Earth’s surface. Gauge-normally measures pressure minus atmospheric pressure and is measured in psi or psig.

Question 6

Explain the difference between a direct and indirect attack.

Answer 6

Direct-used to attack the fire by aiming the flow of water directly at the seat of the fire. Indirect-used to attack interior fires by applying a fog stream into a closed room or compartment, converting the water into steam to extinguish the fire.