Nov Exam: Food and Farming 2

Question 1

Where does our food come from?

Answer 1

Animals(livestock) and plants(crops and orchards)

Question 2

What is subsistence farming?

Answer 2

Subsistence farming is when farmers grow crops and raise animals for themselves and their families.

Question 3

What is commercial farming?

Answer 3

Commercial farming is a business where farmers grow crops and raise animals to sell. They often only grow one crop such as sugar cane.

Question 4

Why is a single type of crop bad for the soil?

Answer 4

One crop takes the same nutrients from the soil all the time so the farmer must use fertiliser to replace the nutrients.

Question 5

What is mixed farming?

Answer 5

The farms keep animals like sheep on the fields to graze before the land is ploughed. The ploughing mixes the dung into the soil as fertiliser

Question 6

Explain why people grow food in towns and cities.

Answer 6

People move from the country into towns and cities and grow their own food to save money because it is expensive to live in towns and cities.

Question 7

Name 2 cereal crops

Answer 7

Maize and wheat.

We use the seeds or grain from the plants.

Question 8

What is wheat grain made into?

Answer 8

Wheat grain is made into flour which is made into bread.

Question 9

What is maize seed made into?

Answer 9

Maize seed is used to make mielie meal which can be made into porridge or puthu

Question 10

Where does maize grow best?

Answer 10

Maize grows best in places with wet, hot summers and cold dry winters. Eastern south africa.

Question 11

Under what conditions does wheat grow best?

Answer 11

Wheat grows best when:
temperatures are warm, 21° to 24° C, but not too hot.
Wheat also needs a lot of sunshine.
Wheat needs a lot of water, but not too much or it may get wheat disease.

Question 12

When is wheat planted in South Africa?

Answer 12

Before the rainy season.

Question 13

How is sugar made?

Answer 13

Sugar cane is used to make sugar.The stalks are cut and trucks take it to the sugar millThe sugar mill crushes the canes and the syrup is made into sugar.

Question 14

Where does sugar cane grow best?

Answer 14

Hot wet climate like is Kwa-Zulu Natal or Mpumalanage

Question 15

Name 2 types of large stock and explain why they are bred?

Answer 15

Cattle - beef cattle are bred for their meat. - Dairy cows are bred for their milk
Sheep - sheep are bred for their meat and wool - meat from young sheep is called lamb

Question 16

Name 2 types of small stock and explain why they are bred?

Answer 16

Goats - milk and meat
Pigs - pig meat is called pork.
Pigs are reared in sheds.
Poultry - birds are used for eggs and meat, chicken, ostrich, ducks, turkey.

Question 17

Explain free range chickens and battery reared chickens

Answer 17

Free range - they run around outside and eat off the ground.
Battery - a long building that has thousands of chickens in small cages and are fed food and water.

Question 18

What is unprocessed food?

Answer 18

They have not been changed. They are the same way as when they left the farm.

Question 19

What is processed food?

Answer 19

They have been changed:
Frozen (chicken)
Canned (beans)
Vacuum packed (meat)
Cut up (vegetables)
Grated (cheese)
Processed foods are more expensive than unprocessed foods.

Question 20

Why do we process food?

Answer 20

Makes food last longer

Easier to use (convenient)

Question 21

What is agriculture?

Answer 21

Farming animals or plants to produce food, fibre (for material) and fuel

Question 22

Is wheat planted at the same time in all parts of South Africa?

Answer 22

No:
Western Cape - at the beginning of Winter (since there is Winter rain)
Where there is Summer rain - at the beginning of Summer

Question 23

What type of food is wheat?

Answer 23

A cereal (any grass cultivated for the edible components of its grain)

Question 24

What are staple foods?

Answer 24

Foods people eat every day

Question 25

Give three examples of staple foods.

Answer 25

Maize
sorghum
barley
wheat
sugar cane
sweet potatoes
potatoes
rice