nouns

Question 1

What are the genders that a Russian noun may have?

Answer 1

• masculine
• feminine
• neuter

Question 2

How may the gender of a Russian noun be determined?

Answer 2

Look at the last letter of the nominative (subject) form of the noun.

Question 3

If the last letter of the nominative form of a noun is a consonant, or “й”, the word is?

Answer 3

masculine
e.g. паспорт (passport)

Question 4

If the last letter of the nominative form of a noun is “а” or “я” it is?

Answer 4

feminine

e.g. газета (newspaper)

Question 5

If the last letter of the nominative form of a noun is “о” or “е”, it is?

Answer 5

neuter
радио (radio)

Question 6

​If the last letter of the nominative form of a noun is is a soft sign “ь”, it is?

Answer 6

either masculine or feminine.
Дочь (daughter)

Question 7

What are the 6 cases (roles) that are used in Russian grammar?

Answer 7

• Nominative case
• Accusative case
• Dative case
• Genitive case
• Instrumental case
• Prepositional case

Question 8

Explain the nominative case

Answer 8

Ivan gives flowers to Anna’. (Иван даёт цветы Анне)

Ivan (Иван) is the subject of the sentence and in the nominative case.

Question 9

Explain the accusative case

Answer 9

Ivan gives flowers to Anna. (Иван даёт цветы Анне)

Flowers (цветы) is the direct object of the sentence and in the accusative case.

Question 10

Explain the dative case

Answer 10

Ivan gives flowers to Anna. (Иван даёт цветы Анне)

Anna (Анне) is the indirect object of the sentence and in the dative case.

Question 11

Explain the genetive case

Answer 11

The genetive case Indicates ownership. (Eg. “Anna’s flowers”)

Anna is in the genetive case

Question 12

Explain the Instrumental case

Answer 12

The Instrumental case indicates ‘with’ or ‘by means of’. (“Anna writes with a pencil”)
pencil is in the instrumental case

Question 13

Explain the Prepositional case

Answer 13

The Prepositional case is used after certain propositions. (In, on, at, and about.)

Question 14

How are Russian nominative case plurals formed ?

Answer 14

Using the letters “и”, “ы”, “я” or “а”

Question 15

Specifically, how are nominative plurals formed for masculine nouns?

Answer 15

If the nominative singular form of the word ends in a consonant, add “ы”.
Change the nominative singular form by
replacing “й” with “и”
replacing “ь” with “и”

e.g. студент becomes: студенты (student - students)

Question 16

Specifically, how are nominative plurals formed for feminine nouns?

Answer 16

Change the nominative singular form by

Replacing “а” with “ы”
Replacing “я” with “и”
Replacing “ь” with “и”

e.g. газет_а_ becomes: газеты (newspaper - newspapers)

Question 17

Specifically, how are nominative plurals formed for neuter nouns?

Answer 17

Change the nominative singular form by

replacing “о” with “а”
replacing “е” with “я”

e.g. здани_е_ becomes: здания (building - buildings)

Question 18

Specifically, how is the accusative singular formed for masculine nouns?

Answer 18

• If the noun is inanimate, there is no change.
  
  • e.g.спорт remains: спорт (sport)
• If noun is animate and ends in a consonant, add “а”.
  
  • Иван becomes: Ивана (Ivan)
• If noun is animate, replace “й”, with “я”.
• ​If noun is animate, replace “ь”, with “я”.

Question 19

Specifically, how is the accusative singular formed for feminine nouns?

Answer 19

• Replace “а” with “у”
  
  • газет_а_ becomes: газету(newspaper)
  • музык_а_ becomes: музыку(music)
  • Москв_а_ becomes: Москву(Moscow)
• Replace “я” with “ю”

Question 20

Specifically, how is the accusative singular formed for neuter nouns?

Answer 20

Inanimate nouns do not change (almost all neuter nouns are inanimate).

e.g здание remains: здание (building)