noun cases Flashcards
what is the nominitive case
the thing doing the action
where does the nominative verb normally go
a nominative word ususally begins a sentence
what is the nominative ending for:
singular 1st declension
singular 2nd declension
1st: -a
2nd: -us
what is the nominative ending for:
plural 1st declension
plural 2nd declension
plural 3rd declension
1st: -ae
2nd: -i
3rd: -es
what is the vocative case for
to adress or speak directly to someone
what are the vocative endings, name the exception
all the same as the nominative endings, apart from
singular 2nd declension: -e
what is the accusative case used for
the object that the action is being done to
where are accusatives found
usually found in the middle of a sentence
what are the accusative singular endings (3 declensions)
what is the common letter between them?
-am -um -em
what are the accusative plural endings (3 declensions)
what is the common letter between them?
-as -os -es
what is the genitive case used for?
the possession OF something
where is the genitive found in a sentence?
next to the noun its possessing
canis pueri
the dog OF the boy
what are the genitive singular endings
-ae -i -is
what are the genitive plural endings
-arum
-orum
-um
what is the dative case used for
giving case, usually translated as FOR or TO
where are datives found in a sentence
found in the middle of a sentence
what are the dative singular endings
-ae
-o
-i
what are the dative plural endings
-is
-is
-ibus
what is the ablative case used for
‘carrying away’ case
translates as BY, WITH, FROM
what are the ablative singular endings
-a
-o
-e
what are the ablative plural endings
-is
-is
-ibus
(same as dative)
where is the ablative usually found
with a passive verb
how is the ablative translated with a time phrase?
paucis horis IN a few hours
tribus diebus IN 3 days
prima hora AT the first hour
