Noun Flashcards
refugee(s)
a person who has escaped from their own country for political, religious, or economic reasons or because of a war
難民;避難者;逃亡者
Thousands of refugees fled across the border
thesis
1.a long piece of writing on a particular subject, especially one that is done for a higher college or university degree
論文
a doctoral thesis
2.the main idea, opinion, or theory of a person, group, piece of writing, or speech
論題，命題;論點
Their main thesis was that war was inevitable
implication
1.an occasion when you seem to suggest something without saying it directly
含意;暗指，暗示
From what she said, the implication was that they were splitting up
She accused(指責) the party and, by implication, its leader too
2.the effect that an action or decision will have on something else in the future
可能的對未來影響
The company is cutting back its spending and I wonder what the implications will be for our department
hostility
1.an occasion when someone is unfriendly or shows that they do not like something
敵意，不友好
They showed open (= obvious) hostility to/towards their new neighbors
2.an occasion when someone shows that they do not agree with or like something
不同意，不喜歡
modesty
1.the quality of not talking about or not trying to make people notice your abilities and achievements
謙虛，謙遜
She does a lot of work for charities, but her modesty forbids her from talking about it
2.the quality, in women, of dressing or behaving in a way that is intended to avoid attracting sexual interest
（女子的衣著、舉止等）端莊，正派，樸素
plight
an unpleasant condition, especially a serious, sad, or difficult one
困境，窘境
The plight of the poor/homeless
Few of us can be unmoved by the plight of the refugees
cutlery
knives, forks, and spoons used for eating food
（刀、叉、匙等）餐具
utensils
a tool with a particular use, especially in a kitchen or house
（尤指廚房或家用的）器具，用具
In the drawer was a selection of kitchen utensils - spoons, spatulas, knives, and whisks
tableware
the knives, forks, spoons, plates, glasses, etc. used for meals (including cutlery)
餐具（總稱）
prosperity
the state of being successful and having a lot of money
成功;（尤指經濟上的）繁榮，昌盛
A country’s future prosperity depends, to an extent, upon the quality of education of its people
The war was followed by a long period of peace and prosperity
millennium (Plural : millennia)
a period of 1,000 years, or the time when a period of 1,000 years ends
一千年，千周年;千周年紀念日
The corpse had lain preserved in the soil for almost two millennia
stance
1.a way of thinking about something, especially expressed in a publicly stated opinion
（尤指公開表明的）觀點，立場
The doctor’s stance on the issue of abortion is well known
attitude , viewpoint
2.a particular way of standing
站立姿勢
Jenny took up a stance with her feet slightly apart, ready to catch the ball
craze
an activity, object, or idea that is extremely popular, usually for a short time
時尚;風行一時的東西
Cycling shorts were the latest craze/(all) the craze that year
The craze for health foods has become big business
mindset
a person’s way of thinking and their opinions
思想傾向;思維方式;觀念模式
It’s extraordinary how hard it is to change the mindset of the public and the press(媒體)
nagging
complaining and criticizing
抱怨;指責
I got sick of her constant nagging
witness
1.a person who sees an event happening, especially a crime or an accident
（尤指犯罪或事故的）目擊者
Police are appealing for witnesses to the accident to come forward
2.someone who is asked to be present at a particular event and sign their name in order to prove that things have been done correctly
見證人;連署人
He signed the treaty in the presence of two witnesses
3.a person in a law court who says what they know about a legal case or a particular person
（法庭上的）證人
Ten witnesses are expected to testify at the trial today
decline
when something becomes less in amount, importance, quality, or strength
衰落；衰弱，衰退
Home cooking seems to be on the/in decline
She seemed to be recovering and then she went into a decline
desire
a strong feeling that you want something
慾望，渴望，願望
I certainly have no desire to have children
She had a burning/strong desire to go back to her home country before she died
There is a strong desire for peace among the people
consensus
a generally accepted opinion or decision among a group of people
一致的意見;共識
The general consensus in the office is that he can’t do his job
Could we reach a consensus on this matter? Let’s take a vote
chore
a job or piece of work that is often boring or unpleasant but needs to be done regularly
日常瑣事;雜務;乏味的例行工作
I’ll go shopping when I’ve done my chores (= done the jobs in or around the house)
I find writing reports a real chore (= very boring)
adversity
a difficult or unlucky situation or event
逆境；不幸；厄運
The road to happiness is paved with adversities
She could always stay cheerful in adversity
circumstances
1.a fact or event that makes a situation the way it is
條件，情況；情形，形勢
I think she coped very well under the circumstances
The meeting has been cancelled due to circumstances beyond our control
2.events that change your life, over which you have no control
無法控制的因素；客觀環境；命運
They were victims of circumstance
We were obliged(被迫) to go by force of circumstance
wellness
the state of being healthy
健康
well-being
the state of feeling healthy and happy
幸福;安康
People doing yoga benefit from an increased feeling of well-being
fascination
the fact of finding someone or something fascinating
入迷；著迷
Miller’s fascination with medieval art dates from her childhood
controversy
a lot of disagreement or argument about something, usually because it affects or is important to many people
爭議;爭論;爭辯
There was a big controversy surrounding/over the use of drugs in athletics
The policy has caused fierce/heated controversy ever since it was introduced
pledge
a serious or formal promise, especially one to give money or to be a friend, or something that you give as a sign that you will keep a promise
誓言;諾言;保證
All the candidates have given/made pledges not to raise taxes if they are elected
I give you this ring as a pledge of my everlasting love(永志不渝) for you
fruition
an occasion when a plan or an idea begins to happen, exist, or be successful
實現；完成；取得成果
None of his grand plans for a TV series ever came to fruition
fruitlessness
the quality of being unsuccessful or producing nothing of value
無結果，無用，徒勞
They despaired at the fruitlessness of the meeting
shortcoming
a fault or a failure to reach a particular standard
缺點，弱點
Whatever his shortcomings as a husband, he was a good father to his children
Like any political system, it has its shortcomings
journal
1.a serious magazine or newspaper that is published regularly about a particular subject
雜誌，期刊;報紙
a medical/trade journal
2.a written record of what you have done each day, sometimes including your private thoughts and feelings
日誌;日記
She kept a travel journal during her trip to South America
campus
the buildings of a college or university and the land that surrounds them
（大學）校園，校區
There’s accommodation(住處) for about five hundred students on campus
college
1.a university where you can study for an undergraduate (= first) degree
大學
I met my husband when we were in college
2.any place for specialized education after the age of 16 where people study or train to get knowledge and/or skills
學院;職業學校;技術學校;高等專科學校
a teacher training college
She’s at art college
3.one of the separate and named parts into which some universities are divided
（大學的）學院，分院
King’s College, Cambridge
university
a place where people people study for an undergraduate (= first) or postgraduate (= higher level) degree
大學
Which university did you go to/were you at (= did you study at)?
She teaches at the University of Connecticut
root cause
The fundamental reason or factor that affects something
根本原因
The root cause for unemployment is the economical decline that happens globally
perseverance
persistence , determination ,
tenacity
continued effort and determination
不屈不撓，堅持不懈
Through hard work and perseverance, he worked his way up to the top
gibberish
spoken or written words that have no meaning
名其妙的话（或文字）；文理不通的话（或文字）；胡扯
I was so nervous, I just started talking gibberish
preconception(s)
an idea or opinion formed before enough information is available to form it correctly
事先构成的想法，先入之见，成见
Try to go into the meeting without too many preconceptions about what the other group wants
pal
a friend / companion
朋友，好友
You’re my best pal
bedding(s)
the covers on a bed, or the dry grass, etc., that an animal sleeps on
被褥;（家畜的）垫草
snare(s)
a device for catching small animals and birds, usually with a rope or wire that tightens around the animal
陷阱，罗网
chatter
conversation about things that are not important
喋喋不休的谈话;唠叨
I can’t concentrate with Ann’s constant chatter
decor
the colour, style, and arrangement of the objects in a room
（房间内的）装饰布局，装饰风格
elegant decor
amenity(ies)
public facility
something, such as a swimming pool or shopping centre, that is intended to make life more pleasant or comfortable for the people in a town, hotel, or other place
生活福利设施，便利设施；娱乐消遣设施
The council has some spare cash, which it proposes to spend on public amenities
endeavour(s)
attempt , aspire
an attempt to do something
尝试；努力
In spite of our best endeavours, it has proven impossible to contact her
parade(s)
a large number of people walking or in vehicles, all going in the same direction, usually as part of a public celebration of something
（庆祝）游行
a victory parade
anesthetic
a substance that makes you unable to feel pain
麻醉剂
The operation is performed under anaesthetic
sentimentality OR
sentimentalism
the excessive expression of feelings of tenderness, sadness, or nostalgia(懷舊) in behavior, writing, or speech
多愁善感；無病呻吟
Caring for animals is not sentimentality - it reinforces our respect for life
照顾动物并非多愁善感——这使我们更加尊重生命
agony
pain , torture
extreme physical or mental pain or suffering
（肉体或精神的）极度痛苦
She lay there screaming in agony
podium
a raised area on which a person stands to speak to a large number of people, to conduct music, or to receive a prize in a sports competition
演讲台;乐队指挥台;领奖台
Tears ran down her face as she stood on the winner’s podium
grin
a wide smile
露齿笑，咧嘴笑，龇牙笑
I assumed things had gone well for him because he had a big grin on his face
batch(es)
cluster , group , bunch
a group of things or people dealt with at the same time or considered similar in type
一批，一组
The cook brought in a fresh batch of homemade cupcakes
nanny
a person whose job is to take care of a particular family’s children
（照看小孩的）保姆
bureaucrat(s)
someone working in a bureaucracy
官僚
It turned out she was one of those faceless bureaucrats who control our lives
后来发现她就是那些控制我们生活的千人一面的官僚中的一个
apprehension
anxiety
worry about the future, or a fear that something unpleasant is going to happen
（对未来或即将发生的不快之事的）忧虑，担心；恐惧
It’s normal to feel a little apprehension before starting a new job.
在开始新工作前感到有些忐忑不安是很正常的
cubicle
a small space with walls or curtains around it, that is separate from the rest of a room and where you can be private when taking clothes off, etc.
（大房间中分隔出来的）小房间，小隔间
a shower cubicle
grandstand
a set of seats arranged in rising rows, sometimes covered by a roof, from which people can easily watch sports or other events
大看台
rattle
a sound similar to a series of quickly repeated knocks
（连续重复的）嗒嗒声，嘎嘎声;连续短促的碰撞声
From across the town came the rattle of machine-gun fire
aggregate
collection , cluster something formed by adding together several amounts or things
聚集体，集成体;总数，合计
They purchased an aggregate of 3,000 shares in the company.
他们总共买了这家公司的3000股股票
sludge
soft, wet soil or a substance that looks like this
烂泥，淤泥;糊
We seemed to spend the last mile of the walk knee-deep in sludge
acquisition
the process of getting something
获得
The acquisition of huge amounts of data has helped our research enormously
chime
a ringing sound
钟声，铃声，鸣响声
I was woken up by the chimes of the cathedral bells
snippets
fragment , piece , bit
a small piece or brief extract
片段
People with shorter attention spans are more used to reading snippets of information on their phone
verdict
an opinion or decision made after judging the facts that are given, especially one made at the end of a trial
（根据事实作出的）意见，决定;（尤指）判决，裁决
The jury reached/returned a unanimous verdict of (not) guilty
judgement
vacancy
a space or place that is available to be used
空处;空位
We wanted to book a hotel room in July but there were no vacancies
pavement
a path with a hard surface on one or both sides of a road, that people walk on
人行道
Keep to the pavement, Rosie, there’s a good girl.
沿着人行道走，罗茜，乖孩子
rebate
an amount of money that is returned to you, especially by the government, for example when you have paid too much tax
（尤指政府返还的）部分退款
a tax rebate
impediment
obstacle , barrier
obstruction
something that makes progress, movement, or achieving something difficult or impossible
妨碍，阻碍；阻止
In a number of developing countries, war has been an additional impediment to progress.
在一些发展中国家，战争成了发展的另一阻碍
jeopardy
danger , at risk , peril
in danger of being damaged or destroyed
处于危险之中
The lives of thousands of birds are in jeopardy as a result of the oil spill.
石油泄漏使成千上万只鸟的生命受到威胁
dilemma
difficulty , quandary
a situation in which a difficult choice has to be made between two different things you could do
左右为难，两难境地
The president is clearly in a dilemma about/over how to tackle the crisis
confidant
bosom friend
a person you trust and share your feelings and secrets with
知心朋友，知己，密友
a close confidant
expatriate(s)
expat , foreigner
someone who does not live in their own country
（旅居国外的）侨民
A large community of expatriates has settled there
asset
advantage , blessing
a useful or valuable quality, skill, or person
优点，长处；有用的人
He’ll be a great asset to the team.
他将会成为球队的得力干将
privilege(s)
special right , prerogative
an advantage that only one person or group of people has, usually because of their position or because they are rich
（特定个体或群体的）特权，特别待遇
Healthcare should be a right, not a privilege
temperament
personality , disposition
the part of your character that affects your moods and the way you behave
气质；性情；性格
a fiery temperament
暴躁的性情
protagonist
one of the main characters in a story or a play
（故事或戏剧中的）主要人物，主角
an important supporter of an idea or political system
（某一想法或政治制度的）主要支持者，主要拥护者
Key protagonists of the revolution were hunted down and executed
enthusiasts
fan , fanatic , devotee
a person who is very interested in and involved with a particular subject or activity
热衷于…的人;热心者;爱好者
a keep-fit enthusiast
influencer
someone who affects or changes the way that other people behave
（对他人）有影响力的人
Young people are increasingly influencers on their parents’ decisions
deterrent
something that deters people from doing something
威慑力量；遏制因素；制止物
a nuclear deterrent
gratitude
gratefulness
the feeling or quality of being grateful
感激之情，感谢
deep/eternal gratitude
flagship
crown jewel
the best or most important product, idea, building, etc. that an organization owns or produces
（某机构的）旗舰产品，最重要理念，主建筑物
This machine is the flagship in our new range of computers
recession
decline , downturn , slump
a period when the economy of a country is not successful and conditions for business are bad
（经济）衰退期
The country is sliding into the depths of (a) recession
commodity
a substance or product that can be traded, bought, or sold
商品，货物
The country’s most valuable commodities include tin and diamonds
pride
delight , self-esteem
a feeling of pleasure and satisfaction that you get because you or people connected with you have done or got something good
自豪，得意
She felt a great sense of pride as she watched him accept the award
devotion
1.loyalty and love or care for someone or something
忠诚，忠实;挚爱
He inspired respect and devotion from his pupils
2.the fact of following religious teachings, or religious worship
宗教礼拜
He knelt in humble devotion
scourge
something or someone that causes great suffering or a lot of trouble
灾难，祸害；苦难的根源
the scourge of war/poverty/drugs
nostalgia
reminiscence
a feeling of pleasure and also slight sadness when you think about things that happened in the past
对往事的怀念，怀旧，念旧
Some people feel nostalgia for their schoolday
benchmark
criterion
a level of quality that can be used as a standard when comparing other things
基准（点）
Her outstanding performances set a new benchmark for singers throughout the world
pastime
hobby
an activity that is done for enjoyment
消遣，娱乐
Do-it-yourself is the nation’s most popular pastime
culprit
a fact or situation that is the reason for something bad happening
问题的起因；罪魁祸首
Children in this country are getting much too fat, and sugar and sweets are the main culprits
someone who has done something wrong
过失者；责任人
Police hope the public will help them to find the culprits
fanatic
enthusiast , devotee
a person who is extremely interested in something, to a degree that some people find unreasonable
入迷者
a fitness/film fanatic
blockbuster
megahit
a book or film that is very successful
（尤指因内容精彩而）非常成功的书（或影片）
a blockbuster movie/novel
incentive
motivation , stimulus
something that encourages a person to do something
激励，刺激，鼓励
Tax incentives have been very effective in encouraging people to save and invest more of their income
monopoly
(an organization or group that has) complete control of something, especially an area of business, so that others have no share
垄断（机构）;专卖;独占
The government is determined to protect its tobacco monopoly
spectacle
a public event or show that is exciting to watch
壮观场面;壮观景象
The carnival was a magnificent spectacle
extravaganza
spectacle
a large, exciting, and expensive event or entertainment
铺张华丽的娱乐表演
a musical/dance extravaganza
majesty
If something has majesty, it causes admiration and respect for its beauty.
雄伟；壮丽；威严
This music has majesty, power, and passion
loathing
a strong feeling of hating someone or something
憎恨，憎恶
The thought of him touching her filled her with deep loathing
dementia
a medical condition that affects especially old people, causing the memory and other mental abilities to gradually become worse, and leading to confused behaviour
（尤指老年性）痴呆
The most common form of dementia is Alzheimer’s disease
Indictment
something that shows a policy, system, society, etc. is bad or wrong
控訴;譴責
It seems to me to be a damning indictment of the government’s education policy
bargain
1.something on sale at a lower price than its true value
便宜貨，廉價品
This coat was half-price - a real bargain
- an agreement between two people or groups in which each promises to do something in exchange for something else
協議;交易
“I’ll clean the kitchen if you clean the car.” “OK, it’s a bargain
reminiscences
the act of remembering events and experiences from the past
追憶往事;追憶;懷舊
toddler
a young child, especially one who is learning or has recently learned to walk
（尤指處於學步期或剛學會走路的）幼童
