Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

CFE Advanced Higher Chemistry > Notes - Temp > Flashcards

Notes - Temp Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
AP® Chemistry flashcards Periodic Table flashcards Chemistry 101 flashcards Organic Chemistry 101 flashcards
1
Q

In Kinetics, the formula to work out temperature for a reaction is:

A

T=∆H/∆S

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Pauli’s exclusion principle:

A

Can’t have the same set of quantum numbers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Aufbau

A

Fill in order of increasing energy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Hund’s

A

Fill singly before pairing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Heisenburg

A

Cant define both position and velocity of electron at any time

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Principle quantum number refers to

A

shell

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Angular quantum number refers to

A

orbital

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Magentic quantum number refers to

A

orientation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Spin quantum number refers to

A

spin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

0 order units are

A

mol l-1 s-1

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

1st order units are

A

s-1

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

2nd order units are

A

mol-1 l s-1

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

3rd order units are

A

mol-2 l2 s-1

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

To work out k, the formula is

A

k = rate/ [A][B]

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

The slow step shows the reactant dependant on the reaction so if a reactant isnt there will it be in the rate equation?

A

no

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Order of reaction can be worked out from the slow or fast step?

A

SLOW

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Anthing burned is always: endo or exo

A

Exothermic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Why is combustion exothermic?

A

Change of state increases disorder

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What is the only thing that can affect the equilibrium constant?

A

Temperature!!!

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Does increasing the concentration of products or reactants in the equilibrium constant do anything?

A

NAW, only temperature

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

In evaporation reactions, ∆H is

A

positive

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

In evaporation reactions, ∆S is

A

Positive

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

If ∆G is negative then equilibrium lies to the

A

RHS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

∆G is known as Gibb’s free energy or

A

standard free energy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

For a reaction to be feasible ∆S must be?

A

Positive

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

For a reaction to be feasible ∆G must be?

A

Negative

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

If K>1, then ∆G is

A

negative

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

If K

A

positive

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

If K=1 then ∆G is

A

0

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

In a combustion reaction the values of ∆S and ∆H are

A

∆S is positive, ∆H is negative

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

In an evaporation reaction the values of ∆S and ∆H are

A

∆S is positive, ∆H is positive

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

In the formation of snowflakes reaction the values of ∆S and ∆H are

A

∆S is negative, ∆H is negative

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

In absorption spectroscopy as the concentration of an ion in solution increases there is an increase in?

A

intensity of radiation absorbed

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

What is the best analytical technqiue to determine quantitatively the concentration of sodium ions in a urine sample?

A

Atomic emission spectroscopy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

Moles of x in a compound formula is:

A

precipitate of x / gfm of x

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

∆H must be negative to ensure ∆G is

A

negative

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

C=C C—C are electron rich so they must be

A

nucleophile

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

Aromatics undergo what type of substitution

A

Electrophillic

39
Q

Halides on benzene rings are more resistant to attack by

A

nucleophillic reagents

40
Q

SN1

A

1 species in slow step

41
Q

Reasons for avoiding SN1

A

Too much steric hindrance, unstable c, lack of positive inductive effect.

42
Q

If a compound doesnt react with dichromate, it cannot be

A

oxidised

43
Q

Conc, H2SO4 is used to create

A

C=C

44
Q

Hydrolising an amide produces a

A

carboxylic acid

45
Q

In a carboxylic acid, the propeties of the C=O and the -OH group are affected by each other? True of false

A

True

46
Q

What is an agonist?

A

An agonist binds to receptor and acts like natural molecule

47
Q

An antagonist does what?

A

Blocks natural molecules

48
Q

What reagent do we use to add a CH3 to a benzene?

A

AlCl3

49
Q

What reagent do we use to add a Cl to a benzene?

A

FeCl3

50
Q

What reagent do we use to add a SO3 to a benzene?

A

H2SO4

51
Q

What reagent do we use to add a NO2 to a benzene?

A

HNO3

52
Q

To turn a haloalkane to an alcohol what reagent do we use?

A

KOH/NaOH

53
Q

To turn a haloalkane to an ether what reagent do we use?

A

Potassium methoxide in methanol

54
Q

To turn a alkene to an alcohol what reagent do we use?

A

H2SO4

55
Q

To reduce an aldehyde and ketone what reagent to we use?

A

LiAlH4

56
Q

What three reagents can be used to turn an alcohol to an alkene?

A

Al2SO3, H2SO4, H3PO4

57
Q

IR spectroscopy is a destructive or non destructive tenchnique?

A

non-destructive

58
Q

Elemental Microanalysis is a destructive or non destructive tenchnique?

A

Destructive

59
Q

Mass Spec is a destructive or non destructive tenchnique?

A

Destructive

60
Q

Proton NMR is a destructive or non destructive tenchnique?

A

Destructive

61
Q

In IR Sepc, what is identified?

A

Functional groups

62
Q

In IR Spec, how is IR used?

A

When IR is absorbed bonds vibrate

63
Q

In elemntal micro, what is determined?

A

Empirical Formula

64
Q

In Mass spec, what is identified?

A

Molar mass and structural features

65
Q

In Mass spec what happens

A

sample vapourised, bombared with electrons, form positive ions and the ions follow a path according to their mass/charge ratio

66
Q

In proton NMR, there are two types which are?

A

Low Res and High Res

67
Q

An ammine is NH_?

A

NH3

68
Q

What decreases when an acid is diluted?

A

[H+]

69
Q

Ka measures what?

A

The dissociation constant of an acid

70
Q

A strong acid will have a greater or lower Ka than a weak acid?

A

Greater

71
Q

Which has a greater entropy? Secondary or Primary alcohols?

A

Secondary alcohols

72
Q

The formula for the dissociation constant is Ka=

A

Ka= [product]/[reactant]

73
Q

In a reaction of acids and bases, the molecule with X+ is the conjugate ____?

A

Acid

74
Q

In a reaction of acids and bases, the molecule with X- is the conjugate _____?

A

Base

75
Q

Salt explanation for strong base: What removes the H+ ions from the water equilibrium?

A

Conjugate base

76
Q

Salt explanation for strong base: Removal of the H+ ions causes the water equilibirum to shif to the

A

RHS

77
Q

Salt explanation for strong base: Equilibriu shifting to the RHS produces excess?

A

OH- ions

78
Q

What does accurately mean, in to weigh accurately?

A

Mass must be in region of ___ and the exact mass must be known.

79
Q

Alcohols are less volatile than their isomeric ethers because of?

A

hydrogen bonding

80
Q

A racemic mixture contains equal amounts of two optical isomers and is optically active or inactive?

A

Optically inactive

81
Q

What is not always trust at 298K?

A

[H+] = [OH-] = 10-7 mol l-1

82
Q

Formula for percentage mass calculations:

A

GFM of x/GFM of compund multiplied by sample size

83
Q

A carbon with four bonds, becomes tetrahedral so is it planar?

A

No

84
Q

Is benzene planar?

A

Yes

85
Q

For the hydrogen environments, look at how many hydrogens are joined on using the formula?

A

N+1

86
Q

Pure haloalkanes joining on to a molecule is

A

addition

87
Q

When pure haloalkanes join on to a molecule, they form bonds to?

A

Both carbons, making a triangle shape

88
Q

In quantum numbers: if l=0 what orbital is it?

A

S

89
Q

In quantum numbers: if l=1 what orbital is it?

A

P

90
Q

In quantum numbers: if l=2 what orbital is it?

A

D

91
Q

As the number of alternating single and double bonds increases the energy difference

A

between the HOMO and the LUMO decreases.

92
Q

Describe recrystallisation

A

Dissolve in solvent, heat to dissolve target compound and impurities then filter to remove solid impurities, leave to cool.

93
Q

What would be drawn for the hydrolysis of ethyl benzoate?

A

a condenser and round bottom flask correctly assembled with the condenser, ethyl benzoate and sodium hydroxide labelled.

CFE Advanced Higher Chemistry (10 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions