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Psychology > Notes for Exam 1 > Flashcards

Notes for Exam 1 Flashcards

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0
Q

4.6 BYA

A

Galaxies, suns, Earth, Moon, Water, Amino Acids

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1
Q

13.7 BYA

A

Big Bang

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2
Q

3.9 BYA

A

First life ( Bacteria)

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3
Q

1.2 BYA

A

Sexual reproduction

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4
Q

500 MYA

A

Vertebrates in sea fish

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5
Q

365 MYA

A

Amphibians on land, first animals on land

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6
Q

240 MYA

A

Dinosaurs involved

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7
Q

225 MYA

A

First mammals

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8
Q

65 MYA

A

Mass extinction, Dinosaurs out

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9
Q

35 MYA

A

Apes

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10
Q

7 MYA

A

Communication of chimps

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11
Q

5 MYA

A

Ardi

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12
Q

4 MYA

A

Lucy

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13
Q

2 MYA

A

Homo-erectus, Habilis erect

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14
Q

400 TYA

A

Neanderthals

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15
Q

200 TYA

A

Homo Sapien Sapiens out of Africa

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16
Q

175 TYA

A

Adam and Eve

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17
Q

100 TYA

A

2nd out of Africa Migration

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18
Q

27 TYA

A

Neanderthals died out

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19
Q

Red Shift

A

Evidence of expansion of universe

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20
Q

Galaxy

A

100 billion Galaxies

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21
Q

How many suns in one galaxy?

A

100 billion suns in one galaxy

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22
Q

An average star has..

A

3-5 planets

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23
Q

The rate of expansion is accelerating at

A

Almost the speed of light

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24
Q

1960?

A

Scientists seek energy residue left by Big Bang

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25
Q

First element formed

A

Hydrogen

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26
Q

Gravity pulls what together

A

Hydrogen

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27
Q

Singularity

A

The universe began as a large mass of intensive heat and matter ( fireball)

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28
Q

Created the universe from a small subatomic particle

A

Big Bang

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29
Q

if everything was expanding than this must mean that

A

It must have been in unison at one point

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30
Q

What created water on earth?

A

Oxygen and hydrogen from cosmetic background, ice comets that hit earth

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31
Q

Supernova

A

Suns burns out and explodes

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32
Q

Everything was a result of the explosion of

A

Stars

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33
Q

Earth was created by what force

A

Gravitational force

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34
Q

Use to be part of earth

A

Our moon

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35
Q

Can life exist without moon?

A

No

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36
Q

the closer you get to the core of earth…

A

The hotter it gets

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37
Q

Comets are made of…

A

90% ice/water

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38
Q

Ice cube theory

A

Ice comets’ orbit intersected Earth’s orbit. Earth being molten at the time caused the ice to melt, creating water

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39
Q

Miller experiment

A

Energy, water, heat and right chemicals create life. In his experiment, Amino acids formed in water.

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40
Q

Ozone layer

A

uv light protection

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41
Q

2nd law of thermodynamics

A

Law of Entropy: The tendency of the universe will shift from order and structure to lack of order and structure

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42
Q

Threshold moments

A

Stages in which new things are developed

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43
Q

First threshold

A

The Universe is tiny, smaller than an atom, immensely hot, and expanding rapidly

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44
Q

Energy shatters into what distinct forces?

A

Electromagnetism and gravity

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45
Q

Psychology

A

Life science based on Evolution

46
Q

Gene influences…

A

Behavior

47
Q

These kind of genes shut production off

A

Regulatory genes

48
Q

Behavioral genetics

A

Why you act, and think the way you do

49
Q

Is an overloading area for an introvert

A

Brainstem

50
Q

Brain gets modified by…

A

Experience

51
Q

Genes and life experiences influence…

A

Who you are

52
Q

Cognitive psychology

A

Study of how people think and learn

53
Q

Four misconceptions about learning

A

Learning is fast, knowledge is composed of isolated facts, being good at a subject is a matter of inborn talent, Multi-tasking is effective

54
Q

Stephen chew’s advice:

A

Plan for assignments to take longer than expected, you should review and recall, do not memorize but comprehend

55
Q

Time and hard work leads to

A

Success

56
Q

Metacognition

A

A student’s awareness of how they truly understand a concept

57
Q

Weaker students have a…

A

Poor Metacognition

58
Q

The brain is composed of circuits that…

A

Specialize on different things

59
Q

The brain weighs…

A

3 pounds

60
Q

The brain is how much of the body

A

2%

61
Q

Rem sleep

A

Information is absorbed and long term memory is organized/modified

62
Q

Limbic system

A

Responsible for sensations, feelings, emotions

63
Q

Hippocampus

A

Assists in moving memory into short term to long term. It retrieves stuff during review and recall

64
Q

The Major memory system

A

Sensory, short term , long term

65
Q

Is a physical alteration of cells and circuits in the brain

A

Memory

66
Q

Makes memory stronger and more accessible

A

Emotion

67
Q

Every long term memory is unconscious until…

A

Recalled

68
Q

The main processes involved in long term memory are

A

Encoding, storage and retrieval

69
Q

Encoding

A

Short term to long term memory

70
Q

Implicit

A

Unconscious memory and subcategory of long term memory that involves the automatic recall of a memory

71
Q

Types of Implicit memory

A

Procedural and conditioned emotional response

72
Q

Procedural

A

Tasks and skills

73
Q

Conditioned emotional response

A

Connection between a memory and an emotional reflex

74
Q

Explicit

A

Conscious memory and the subcategory of long term memory that involves the conscious recollection of things and facts

75
Q

Types of explicit memory:

A

Episodic memory and Semantic memory

76
Q

Episodic memory

A

Involved with the recollection of personally experienced events of a specific time, place and the context surrounding the environment

77
Q

Semantic memory

A

Involves retaining and recalling worldly knowledge

78
Q

Two factors that affect how well a memory is retrieved

A

Sleep and memory organization

79
Q

Allows for the consolidation of memories stored in the brain over the course of the day

A

Sleep

80
Q

Involves the storage and retrieval of learned information and experiences

A

Memory

81
Q

Factors that influence memory

A

Degree of attentiveness, strength of motivation, emotional state and context

82
Q

Results from the detection of stimuli by the senses

A

Sensory memory

83
Q

Involves retaining and retrieving limited amounts of information for a short period of time

A

Short term memory

84
Q

Include the memories of recent facts, as well as the more consolidated memories from the distant past

A

Long term memory

85
Q

Main processes involved with long term memory

A

Encoding, storage, and retrieval

86
Q

The active process of memory consolidation that makes memories less vulnerable to being forgotten

A

Storage

87
Q

Two methods of retrieval

A

Review and recall

88
Q

Deciding whether one thing, among others, has been previously encountered

A

Recogniton

89
Q

Recall

A

Actively reconstructing the information of a memory

90
Q

Two strategies that assist in the organization of memories

A

Repetition and elaboration

91
Q

Taking a piece of information and repeating it continuously, keeping it in short term memory for as long as possible

A

Repetition

92
Q

Associating new information with information already stored in long term memory

A

Elaboration

93
Q

Characterized by high- energy brain waves, similar to those found in the wake cycle
Rapid eye movement

A

Rem

94
Q

Last about 10-15 minutes

A

Rem

95
Q

Working memory

A

Short term memory

96
Q

1 sec

A

Sensory

97
Q

20 sec

A

Short term

98
Q

Lifetime

A

Long term memory

99
Q

10 TYA

A

Agricultural revolution

100
Q

Agriculture Revolution

A

Increase population
More calories/ fewer nutrients
Environment destruction

101
Q

Meat, plants, fat

A

Meat: 20%
Plants:80% calories
Fat: 4%

102
Q

H.S.S population

A

1-2 million Globally

103
Q

Population of planet

A

7.2 billion

104
Q

What keeps population steady

A

Predators, starvation, disease,

105
Q

1 billion

A

1830

106
Q

2 billion

A

1930

107
Q

3 billion

A

1960

108
Q

4 billion

A

1975

109
Q

5 billion

A

1987

110
Q

6 billion

A

1999

111
Q

7 billion

A

2010

112
Q

8 billion

A

2025

113
Q

Cosmetic background radiation

A

Left over energy due to the Big Bang

Psychology (3 decks)

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