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Electronics > notes > Flashcards

notes Flashcards

1
Q

Matter is composed of?

A

Atoms

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2
Q

Atoms are broken up into even smaller particles which are?

A

subatomic particles

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3
Q

what are the smallest particles that elements can be broken into and still retain properties of the element?

A

Atoms

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4
Q

Two subatomic particles are found within the nucleas?

A

Protons and neutrons

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5
Q

What is the heaviest part of the atom?

A

Nucleas

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6
Q

What is the third subatomic particles?

A

electrons

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7
Q

What does electrons do?

A

They are in motion around the nucleus and have negative charge.

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8
Q

Electrons occupy various energy levels around the nucleus known as?

A

Shells

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9
Q

The outer shell of the nucleus is called?

A

Valence shell

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10
Q

The number electrons that reside in the valence shell is determined by?

A

Conductors, Semiconductors and insulator.

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11
Q

Valence shells holds a maximum of?

A

Eight electrons

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12
Q

What is an insulator?

A

something through electricity cannot pass

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13
Q

What is a semiconductor?

A

a material that conducts current.

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14
Q

What is current?

A

flow of electricity through a conductor

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15
Q

Current is measured in?

A

Amperes

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16
Q

Ampere is defined as?

A

One Coulomb

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17
Q

The symbol used for amps is?

A

A

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18
Q

What is the basic unit of electrical charge?

A

Coulomb

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19
Q

What is current measured with?

A

Anmeter

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20
Q

What is pressure to an electron?

A

electromagnetic repulsion from a larger negative charge

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21
Q

What is electrical pressure measured in?

A

Volts

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22
Q

What is voltage also known for?

A

electrical potential difference & electromotive force

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23
Q

You measure volts with?

A

Voltmeter

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24
Q

What is resistance?

A

hinders of electric flow

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25
Q

Resistance is measured in?

A

Ohms

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26
Q

How is one ohm defined?

A

The amount of resistance that will allow one ampere of current to flow if one volt of electrical pressure is placed on a conductor

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27
Q

Resistance can be measured by?

A

a ohmeter

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28
Q

Current and resistance are?

A

inverserly proportional

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29
Q

Voltage and current are?

A

Directly proportional

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30
Q

What are the three most common things used as conductors?

A

Silver, copper and aluminium

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31
Q

What is the most expensive conductor?

A

Silver

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32
Q

What is conventional current?

A

flow of positive charge and is opposite in direction to actual electron flow.

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33
Q

What is a circuit?

A

A complete loop or path that electricity can follow

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34
Q

What are three essential components of an electrical circuit?

A

Voltage Source, Load, Conductors

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35
Q

What is a closed circuit?

A

Current can flow in an uninterrupted path

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36
Q

What is a load?

A

converts one type of electricity to another

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37
Q

What is a open circuit?

A

A circuit that is not complete

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38
Q

The relationship between voltage, current and resistance through a wire is called?

A

Ohms Law

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39
Q

What is the formula of Ohms Law?

A

V=IR

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40
Q

What does the I stand for in Ohms Law?

A

Current

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41
Q

What is a example of voltage source?

A

Batteries

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42
Q

What is a series circuit?

A

A circuit that has only one path for current to flow

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43
Q

What is a parallel circuit

A

voltage is the same throughout each parallel branch of the circuit, while current flow varies.

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44
Q

Most residential circuits are what kind?

A

Series-parallel

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45
Q

What is electrical power?

A

the actual rate at which energy is provided to and consumed by a electric circuit

46
Q

What is power expressed in?

A

Watts

47
Q

what is the power law equation?

A

P=IV

48
Q

What is electricity?

A

flow of electrons through a conductor such as copper or aluminium wire

49
Q

What is a conductor?

A

material through which electricity can pass

50
Q

What is voltage?

A

strength which with current flows through a conductor

51
Q

what is power?

A

The amount of energy transferred through a specify time

52
Q

What is watts?

A

measure of electric power

53
Q

Most things in your house requires how many volts?

A

120

54
Q

What do you use to measure watts?

A

watt meter

55
Q

What does AC Current stand for?

A

Alternating Current

56
Q

What does DC Current stand for?

A

Directing Current

57
Q

What direction does AC Current flow?

A

both direction

58
Q

What direction does DC Current flow?

A

in one direction

59
Q

A circiuit is?

A

A sys of connected conductors that direct the path of electricity.

60
Q

What is a resistor?

A

Resists the flow of current and can change the amount of current that’s flowing through.

61
Q

What is the diode?

A

allows electrical current to flow only in one direction

62
Q

What is frequency?

A

A measurement of how many times a certain thing is done in a certain amount of time

63
Q

What is frequency expressed in?

A

Hertz

64
Q

What are waves measured in?

A

Wave lengths

65
Q

What are some examples that work on DC?

A

Cell Phones, laptops, and electronic devices

66
Q

What is a AC Current?

A

current that changes direction many times in a second as it moves in a conductor

67
Q

What are some items that deliver AC Current?

A

HHousehold electrical outlets

68
Q

How many hertz is AC delivered in?

A

60 hertz

69
Q

What is hertz?

A

the frequency of the signal and how many complete cycles occur in 1 second.

70
Q

What is the frequency equation?

A

f= 1/T

71
Q

What is ground?

A

the lowest potential in a circuit

72
Q

What wiring is common in residential wiring?

A

Ground Wiring to prevent electric shock

73
Q

What is a resistor do?

A

A component used to limit current or voltage

74
Q

What are the two types of resistors?

A

Fixed and variable.

75
Q

What is a fixed resistor

A

fixed resistance

76
Q

What is a variable resistor?

A

resistances that can be changed

77
Q

What are potientiometers good for?

A

changing the voltage drop across a component in a circuit

78
Q

What can potientionmeters good for?

A

adjusting the volume in a tv radio or stereo

79
Q

What are two types of variable resistors?

A

rheostats and potientionmeters

80
Q

Fixed resistors use a certain system to help determine resistance in ohms what is this called?

A

Color Band System

81
Q

Fuses and Circuit breakers are very important too?

A

Circuits

82
Q

How does a short circuit occurs?

A

a load is bypassed with a conductor

83
Q

What are fuses?

A

Thin wires that melts when current exceeds a prescribed amount and preventing electricity flowing

84
Q

What is one disadvantage of a fuse?

A

When it is blown it has to be replaced before the circuit works again

85
Q

What is one advantage a circuit breaker has over a fuse?

A

Able to be reused multiple times

86
Q

What are capacitors?

A

are electrical storage units

87
Q

How are capacitors constructed?

A

Two metal conduction plates with a very thin insulator

88
Q

A capacitors opposition to flow of current is called?

A

A capacitive reactance

89
Q

Capacitance is represented by what letter symbol?

A

C

90
Q

What two materials joined together create diodes?

A

P types and N types

91
Q

What is a transistor?

A

a semiconductor device with three connections

92
Q

What are the two types of transistors?

A

NPN & PNP

93
Q

What is a NPN Transistor made up of?

A

thin piece of p-type material sandwiched between two pieces

94
Q

What is PNP transistor made up of?

A

two pieces of p-type material that have a N-type material between them

95
Q

What is the middle piece in a transistor called?

A

base

96
Q

What is the two outside pieces called?

A

Collector & Emitter

97
Q

How does a PNP Transistor works?

A

requires negative volatge at the base to turn on. Then current flows from the emitter to the collector

98
Q

A diode only outputs?

A

DC Current

99
Q

What are the positive charges?

A

Protons

100
Q

What are the negative charges?

A

Electrons

101
Q

What are some examples of EM Waves?

A

Light, Radio & X-Ray Waves

102
Q

All EM Waves travel through a vacuum at the speed of light?

A

186,000 mph

103
Q

Current is denoted by?

A

I

104
Q

What are the best conductors?

A

Silver and Copper

105
Q

Silver & Germainium are great examples of?

A

Semiconductors

106
Q

Poor Conductors are also known as?

A

Insulators

107
Q

What is impedance?

A

Anything that effects the flow of current

108
Q

What is a particular kind of impedence?

A

Resistance

109
Q

Electromagnetic waves travel through?

A

A vacuum

110
Q

What is C means?

A

Capacitor

111
Q

What is a fuse?

A

A circuit element that allows the flow of current below a certain value.

Electronics (1 decks)

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