Notes Flashcards
How many people live on less than $1.45 a day in the Congo?
87% of the population
What has conflict done to education and healthcare in the Congo?
School enrolment rates from primary school to uni series have plummeted
There is inadequate healthcare such as gynaecologists
How has Ebola negatively impacted development?
General
Always been a threat but only when impacting developed countries it was made a global issue
Economic
Reduced labour force
Lack of tourism due to disease
Braindrain of skilled workforce
What could potential benefits of Ebola be on development?
Economic
May be future volunteering trips
Social
Clicktivism has resulted in developed nations being aware of issue positively impacting development by improving medical care
From 2002 how much has child abuse calls to helplines increased?
6000 call increase per year since 2002
Due to media coverage
What does terrorism do to the achievement of the SDGs?
Groups like ISIS are making the goal of 16.1 and 16.11 hard to achieve as creating dear and unjust prejudice
What is the proportion of victims of trafficking being a child?
1 in 3 known victims
What are the negatives of using GNI and GDP as a way of comparing development?
Only useful in countries with many economic transactions
It hides extremes and uneven distribution
Not reflective of local value of money
What are the limitations with HDI?
Its creation by the UN was politically motivated with specific focus on health
Data isn’t always available in all countries
It can mask regional disparities between urban/rural, core/periphery, different ethnic groups
How does the modernisation theory explain why the MEDCs are so rich?
They are capitalist with enterprise
There is a strong relationship between a political system and an economic system
How does the dependency theory explain why the MEDCs are so rich?
What does it predict for the future?
They development of the rich is done by exploiting raw materials of developing world by dominating (colonialism)
It predicts that the development gap will not improve
What is the world view based on the poverty cycle theory?
How does it explain why MEDCs are rich and LEDCs are poor?
Predict for future?
Limitations?
A country is its own unit -no external factors
Doesn’t focus on MEDCs but suggests it had capital in the first place to catalyse development. LEDCs are stuck in a cycle
Developing countries will remain stagnant in a cycle
China and globalisation is not considered
What is the view of the world on the Core-periphery model?
Does it explain why MEDCs are rich and LEDCs are poor?
Future?
What are limitations
The relationship between the core and periphery are widening the gap
MEDCs - Cheap goods, material and labour from developing countries so make money.
LEDCs - YES - drcongo only five raw materials so don’t exploit relationship
NO - Morocco use tourism etc for income
No future predictions
Too vague and no future thought
What is the world view based on the debt crisis?
How does it explain why MEDCs are rich and LEDCs are poor?
What does it predict for the future?
Capitalist view on making money off enterprise.
MEDCs give money for cash crops
LEDCs High loans and interest on top and must import crops etc
Suggest in future gap will widen
What does globalisation suggest about the world view?
How does it explain why MEDCs are rich and LEDCs are poor?
What does it predict for the future?
Limitations?
Capitalist view that the world gets smaller
MEDCs - many tncs from developed countries. Schengen = make money from migrants working etc
LEDCs - exploited through cheap labour
Suggest all become interdependent and we will become a westernised world
Doesn’t acknowledge switched off places
What did the interview by news.com say about women in the Congo?
Said that abuse against women is increasing - widening the development gap
What sort of factor is India’s Caste System? And how does it affect the development gap?
Social
Dalits make up 25% of Indian population and live on less than $1 a day
Dehumanises them –> many women are trafficked
1500 year old Hindu tradition
BUT NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT GAP NOT GLOBAL SO HAS LITTLE SIGNIFICANCE
What are the problems associated with Megacities?
Kibera Slum
60% of Nairobi population in 6% of land
Many collect water from dam - contains water diseases
Alcohol and health problems as high unemployment
50% of 16-25yr old girls are pregnant so remains in a cycle and leads to abortions
90% of Kibera rent home from middle-class Kenyans
Cannot enterprise as no fixed address for loan
What impact does terrorism have on education?
Parents wont send daughters to school in Borno state out of fear “extremism design to keep girls back” - 200 girs abducted in Borno state 2014
Now 10mil children in Nigeria not in school
Many boys not in school too and targets to recruit nto groups creating POVERTY CYCLE
What impact does terrorism have on trade?
Many relation have been broken with neighbouring countries
Hard to migrate from the area as prejudice
Reduces their exports as fear of association
What impact has ethnic dimensions had on the development gap?
South African Apartheid
Racial segregation been known to maintain gap throughout history
Significant losses internationally –> economic sanctions - hindered development through trade for South Africa
Sanctions led to rise of unemployment of whites and on-white employment grew
Paris attacks in Novermber also creating an apartheid stsyle relationship globally as discussed in economist –> 27 US states refusing Syrian refugee entry creating long term tensions between overly populated countries and those who refuse access
What are some environmetal consequences of development?
Cancer village hot spots - 2007 Chinas health ministry named cancer as the biggest cause of mortality
Eutrophication due to chemical fertilisers leaching into water nearby and can lead to dead zones
only 40mil vehicles but second largest producer of GG
China is largest buyer of stolen timber in the world despite illegal - encourage deforestation
