Notes Flashcards
Identify aqueous sulfate ions
Add drops of hcl
Shake
Add barium chloride
White precipitate of barium sulfate if present
Test for aqueous chloride ions
Add drops of nitric acid Shake Add silver nitrate White precipitate (silver chloride) If chloride ions present
Test for carbonate ions
Acid added to substance with carbonate ions
Co2 released
Use limewater
Covalent bonds have strong____ and weak____
Covalent bonds between atoms, weak intermolecular forces
Charge of covalent molecules
No charge
Giant covalent molecular structure
Billions of atoms
Boiling and melting point of giant covalent molecular structures and why
Really high, lots of energy required to break loads of bonds
Graphite conductivity
Yes because its in layers and can move
Graphite uses
Lubricant
Pencils
When two liquids dont mix completley
Immiscible
Example of immiscibility
Oil and water
Rf value
Distance moved by compound/distance moved by solvent
Uses of chromotography
DNA at crime scene
Forgeries
Presence of substances in foods
Ductile
Means it can be pulled out into wires
Crystals + water–>
Solution, they disolve
Suggest why theoretical yield was more than actual yield
Incomplete reaction
Unwanted reactions
Residual remained in transfer
Residual remained in other processes
Anything hydroxide is
Aqueous, dissolved in water
Empirical formula
Simplest whole number ratio of atoms in a molecule
Covalent bond
Shared pair of electrons
Obtaining gases from air?
Fractional distillation
Cooling/liquifying air
Nitrogen has a lower boiling point obtained from top of column
Oxygen opposite
Graphite useful and because
Lubricant
Conductor
Pencil
Layers, 3 bonds, covalent