Notes

Question 1

Describe the properties of a Solid

Answer 1

Solids have a definite mass, volume and shape. They have strong intermolecular forces and they move by vibrating

Question 2

Describe the properties of a Liquid

Answer 2

Liquids have a definite mass and volume but take the shape of their container. They have weaker intermolecular forces than Solids and can move around.

Question 3

Describe the Properties of a gas

Answer 3

They have no definitive volume or shape. They fill up the container. The particles are far apart and they have weak intermolecular forces.

Question 4

What is density?

Answer 4

Density is a word we use to describe how much space an object or substance takes up (its volume) with the amount of matter in that object or substance (its mass)

Question 5

What is an element

Answer 5

An element is a substance made up of only one type of atom, each with the same number of protons.

Question 6

What is a compound

Answer 6

In chemistry, a compound is a substance made up of two or more different chemical elements combined in a fixed ratio

Question 7

What is a ceramic material and give some examples

Answer 7

A ceramic material is a solid material composed of inorganic compounds and typically made through the processes of shaping, firing, and glazing. Ceramics are known for their hardness, strength, and thermal and electrical insulation properties.

Examples:
- Porcelain
- Pottery
- Glass

Question 8

How do the properties of ceramics make them useful?

Answer 8

Ceramics have many properties:
- Ceramics have high melting points
- Are very unreactive
- Are hard stiff, strong when compressed and brittle
- Have high intermolecular forces
-

Question 9

What does the cooling time have to do with how big crystals are?

Answer 9

The longer the cool the more time the molecules have to form a lattice structure and from big crystals. The faster they cool the smaller and finer the crystals will be

Question 10

What are some common synthetic and natural polymers

Answer 10

Synthetic - Plastic
Natural - Rubber

Question 11

What happens when monomers undergo addition polymerisation?

Answer 11

The formation of addition polymers occurs by the repeated addition of monomer molecules which possess triple or double bonds

Question 12

Describe what a composite material is and give some examples.

Answer 12

A composite material is a combination of two materials with different physical and chemical properties. Examples are concrete or GRP

Question 13

Describe examples of combustion

Answer 13

Combustion is a chemical process that involves the rapid oxidation of a material accompanied by the release of heat and light. Some examples of combustion include the burning of wood in a fireplace, the ignition of gasoline in a car engine, and the combustion of natural gas in a stove.

Question 14

Describe examples of a decomposition reaction

Answer 14

Sure, a decomposition reaction is a type of chemical reaction in which a single compound breaks down into two or more elements or compounds. Some examples of decomposition reactions include:

The decomposition of water into hydrogen gas and oxygen gas: 2H2O(s) -> 2H2(g) + O2(g)

The decomposition of calcium carbonate into calcium oxide and carbon dioxide: CaCO3(s) -> CaO(s) + CO2(g)

The decomposition of hydrogen peroxide into water and oxygen gas: 2H2O2(l) -> 2H2O(l) + O2(g)