Notes 1 Exam Flashcards
A cluster of galaxies is about ___ times larger (in spatial extent) than a typical galaxy.
100
What are constellations?
Constellations are patterns we perceive of the stars apparent position in the night sky from earth.
What is the force of gravity?
F= G M(a) M(b) / r(squared)
The moon is growing more full each night, as it’s phase gradually changes. What is the progressive increase in the moon’s visible surface that is reflecting sunlight called?
Waxing
What geometric shape did Kepler introduce when modifying Copernicus heliocentric model of the universe?
An ellipse
What is an observable consequence of Earth’s 24 hour rotation?
Day and night.
Observable consequence of earths annual revolution around the sun?
Seasons
Which property of an ellipse determines the size of the ellipse?
The eccentricity of the orbit (e)
What did Galileo observe with a telescope for the first time ever?
The moon has earth like geography. Venus has phases. Jupiter has moons. The sun has sunspots and it rotates on it’s own spin axis.
T/F
A planet that orbits father from the sun travels slower in its orbit than a planet that orbits closer to the sun
T
T/F
A lunar eclipse can occur only during a full phase.
T
Lunar eclipse happens during a full moon and solar eclipse happens during the new moon.
Wein’s law states that the wavelength at which most radiation is emitted by an object that produced a blackbody spectrum is inversely related to which property of the object?
Temperature
Which forms of radiation do not penetrate the Earths atmosphere?
Ultraviolet, x-ray, and gamma ray
What is emitted from an atom when one of its electrons makes a transition from a higher energy state to a lower energy state?
Photons
What kind of spectrum does a solid, liquid, or dense gas produce?
Continuous
Which of the following is not an electromagnetic wave?
Electromagnetic wave is a wave of energy with a frequency within the electromagnetic spectrum. (Radio,microwave, infrared, visible light, ultraviolet, and gamma ray waves)
If a certain star emits most intensely in the visible region of the spectrum, a cooler star could emit mostly in which other parts of the electromagnetic spectrum?
Infrared, microwave, or radio
T/F
The emission or absorption line spectrum of an element is unique to that element.
T
A spectrum compares which two measurable quantities of an astronomical object?
Intensity of light and frequency
T/F
Everyday the moon rises in the easy and sets in the west due to its orbit around earth, but the stars to not rise in the east and set in the west because they do not orbit earth.
T
Which kind of light carries the most energy?
Gamma ray
Why are bigger telescopes preferable to build?
The bigger the telescope the more light that is collected making for a sharper and more detailed image.
Why is it possible to see stars in the night sky if they are so far away?
Because of their luminosity
Electromagnetic waves (light) in the radio portion of the spectrum have what wavelengths?
10 to the 3rd
The scale of buildings
The moon rises in the easy and sets in the west in the sky due to _____.
Earths rotation
Interferometry is the use of multiple telescopes in conjunction with each other to ____.
Get the same results as a telescope the size of the distance between the multiple telescopes
The biggest object in our solar system is _____
The sun
A solar eclipse occurs when…
The moon blocks the suns light from reaching earth. Happens during a new moon.
State one reason why the heliocentric model helps to explain the planetary motion better than the earth-centered one.
It accurately models the retrograde motion of planets
How would the seasons of earth change if the planets spin axis was tilted 50 degrees instead of 23.5?
The seasons would be more pronounced, summers would be hotter and winters would be colder.
How would the seasons on earth change if the planets spin axis was perpendicular to its orbit? (No tilt)
There would be no seasons
What does keplers 2nd law say about planets orbital velocity with respect to the distance?
Planets closer to the sun have a higher velocity.
The sun is about ___ times larger than the earth.
100
