Notes 1 Flashcards
what do nutrients and chemical constituents of food affect?
body processes and overall healthy
def.- access at all times to sufficient supply of safe and nutritious foods.
Security
def- limited/uncertain availability of sufficient supply of safe/nutritious foods.
Insecurity
def- the group of students is at risk for poor school performance due to malnutrition.
A National Concern
def-introduces toxic substances into food and water supply
food terrorism
def-high calories vs. weight of food
energy dense
def-provide excess calories w/ little nutrients
empty calories
def- contains high amounts of nutrients vs caloric value.
nutrient dense foods
are there good or bad foods, Y or N
NO
obesity, vitamin A toxins, scurvy, and underweight are..
example of malnutritions
what chronic diseases are caused by malnutrition?
heart disease, hypertension, cancer
what diseases or illnesses are caused by malnutrition
diarrhea, alcoholism, cancer, bleeding, ulcers, HIV/AIDS
what genetic predispositions/disorders/health circumstances are caused by malnutrition?
pregnancy, breast feeding, growing children, frial, recuperating and elderly
def- a unit of measure of heat
calories
def- energy produced by food
calories
calories are not..what?
not a component of food, not a nutrient
Basal metabolism calculations for men and women
men= body weight x11
women= body weight x10
-there’s no conscious effort
-need to just sustain life and health
-aka BMR, RMR
Basal Metabolism
what color is Lycopene and what vegs/fruits
red- Tomatoes, respaberies, watermelon, red pepper strawberries
what color is lutein zeaxanthin and what vegs/fruits
yellow/green- leafy greens, avocados, honeydew, kiwi
what color is anthocyanins and what vegs/fruits
red/purple- grapes, blueberries, all berries, wine, red apples, plums, prunes
what color is beta carotene and what vegs/fruits
orange- carrots, mangos, papayas, apricots, pumpkin, yams, sweet potatoes, cantaloupe
what color is flavonoids and what vegs/fruits
orange/yellow- oranges, tangerines, lemons, plums, peaches, cantaloupes
what color is glucosinolates and what vegs/fruits
green-broccoli, brussel sprouts, kale, cabbage, green apple.
what color is allyl sulfides and what vegs/fruits
white/green- onions, leeks, garlic, broccoli, cabbage, cauliflower, mustard, kale, collard greens, bok choy, rutabaga, turnips, watercress, apples
def
-energy needed for muscular work
-can vary
-accounts for the 2nd largest amount of calories we expend.
physical activity
physical activity equation
Basal metabolic # x 30% or 50% or 75%
inactive percentage
30% 2hrs slow movement
active percentage
75% 4+ hrs of active movement/strenuous movement
average percentages
50% 2-4 hrs of movement but still sitting most of the day
def
-energy of food digestion
-energy expenditure of digestion, storing, and transporting nutrients
dietary thermogenesis
dietary thermogenesis accounts for what/equation?
accounts for 10% of the sum of basal metabolism + physical activity calories…. Basal met. #+physical act# times .10 or divide by 10
def- not reliable source of hunger, the desire to eat and experience food enjoyment and satisfaction
appetite
def-unpleasant feeling, physically and psychologically. causes us to eat
hunger
def- feeling of fullness when we had enough to eat, sometimes overruled by appetite
satiety
def- primary source of energy for the body, 4c/gram
carbohydrates
includes monosaccharides and disaccharides
single sugars
includes glucose, fructose, galactose
monosaccharides
includes sucrose, maltose and lactose
disaccharides
def- there are still the good guys??
Compound sugars
def- starches (compound chains of glucose units)
polysaccharides
3 roles of _________ ______ are
-functional / soluble
-slightly digestible
-can combine with H2O
Dietary Fiber
