Notation, PT Information, Physical vs Chemical (Properties and Stability), Dot Diagram Flashcards
How is the atomic notation structured?
The symbol is placed in the center, atomic number in the bottom left, mass number in the top left, and charge in the top right. (Higher number is higher)
What are the rows in the periodic table called?
Periods (horizontal)
What does the period number indicate in the periodic table?
The period number tells us the number of electron shells in atoms of a given element. E.g. H(1, 1)
What are the columns in the periodic table called?
Groups (vertical)
What do all columns in the periodic table have in common?
Every column has the same number of valence electrons.
What are physical properties?
Physical properties are things like mass and density, depending mostly on the particles inside the nucleus.
What are chemical properties?
Chemical properties relate to how atoms of a given element react, the things they react with and what they form when they react. Reactivity is another term for chemical properties.
What do chemical properties depend on?
Chemical properties depend ONLY on the valence electrons of an atom. This is because the valence electrons are the only particles that get affected when an atom reacts with another in a reaction.
What is the relationship between elements in the same group?
Elements in the same group have the same number of valence electrons, leading to similar chemical properties.
Provide an example of a chemical reaction involving elements from the same group.
2Na + 2HO2 → 2NaOH + H2
2K + 2HO2 → 2KOH + H2
Both Na and K are in Group 1.
Do elements in the same group have similar physical properties?
No, elements in the same group do not necessarily have similar physical properties.
What is physical stability related to?
Physical stability is related to the nucleus; if interactions within the nucleus are not balanced, it will shoot radioactive particles and rays. (Try and become physically stable)
What is chemical stability related to?
Chemical stability is related to the valence electrons; a full valence shell indicates the atom is chemically stable. (Noble Gases Won’t React) (Inert)
How do you represent cations in an electron dot diagram?
For cations, draw the symbol with no electrons around it, square brackets around the symbol, and the charge on the top right.
How do you represent anions in an electron dot diagram?
For anions, draw the symbol with electrons around it, square brackets around the symbol, and the charge on the top right.
