Not So Sexy Flashcards
Routes of STi transmission?
Genitalia Mouth Rectum SKin Placenta
What causes STIs?
Examples of each?
Viral (recurring) - Herpes, warts, AIDS Bacterial (eliminated) - Syphilis, chlamydia - Gonorrhea, chancroid
Protozoa
Fungi
Ectoparasites
Risks for STIs?
Multiple sex partners UNsafe/high risk sexual practices Drug abuse Medically under served Prior STDs Non compliant STD tx
No/low risk:
abstinence
monogomy
Which herpes types are responsible for what?
• Type 1 responsible for “cold sores”, type 2 responsible for genital herpes → strains 6 + 11 here (16 and 18 associated with CA)
Genital herpes
- Caused by?
- What kind of microbe is this?
- How is it spread?
- Recurrent, systemic viral infection
- Herpes simplex virus Type II
- Neurotropic microbe (infects neurons)
- Spread via contact with lesions or secretions
Genital herpes
- Incubation?
Manifests how many days after contact?
Inc = 2-10days
3-7d post contact
S/S of genital herpes?
Curable?
- Burning at site
- Painful vesicles
- Fever, muscle ache
- Sublinical? (not always symptomatic; virus may lay dormant for a bit)
NO CURE
• Cannot eliminate the virus – true for both types 1 and 2 → just have to deal with symptoms
Why do women have larger risk of transmission of genital herpes?
Why is detection more difficult/delayed?
- Larger SA in woman’s genitals (vag + cervix) = more contact surface = greater risk of tranmission
- For men, more readily visible on penis; detection harder in women, diagnosis delayed
Tx of genital herpes?
What is a major problem with this condition?
No cure
Antivirals (used for flare-up)
Symptomatic tx
Recurrence (flare-ups) is major problem
What causes genital warts?
What are they?
Where are they?
Incubation?
Cure?
HPV (strains 6 + 11)
Benign, multiple growths
• Lesions: short stalk with irregular head on it – is a benign neoplasm
Genital or anorectal
Incubation = 1-2months
No cure
Tx of genital warts?
Remove warts
- Topical drugs, sx, cryotherapy
- Monitor for CA (types 16 + 18)
Protection from genital warts?
Gardasil
What causes Syphilis?
Spread?
Incubation?
How does microbe behave once infection?
• Treponema pallidum
Spread via contact with lesions + by placenta
Incubation 10-90days
- Microbe division & distributes systemically
outline 1st stage of syphilis infection?
- Painless chancre at exposure sites ( Once bacteria establishes, develops as ulcerative non-bleeding lesion)
- Heals in 3-12wks (b/c disspears, person may falsely believe is result of sexual activity itself and not seek tx)
- Regional lymphadenopathy
Easily eradicated at this stage – abx
outline 2nd stage of syphilis infection?
(up to 6 months)-
- Bacteria has gone systemic
- begins 6-8wks post infection
• Maculopapular rash on soles of feet and palms of hands – reddish, tiny pimples
• Flat papules - Whitish patches on mucous membranes (ex: on tongue)
• Generalized lymphadenopathy
- Fever, malaise
• Can still eradicated the bacteria at this stage! Just a bit harder now
What occurs after 2nd stage of syphilis infection?
Can move into up to 50 year latency period! Bacteria latent but in first year can still transmit to others.
3rd stage of syphilis?
1-35yrs untreated primary infection
Irreversible damage to bone, joints, CVS, NS
Tx of syphilis?
What is unique about this abx treatment?
- Long acting penicillin – are dealing with spirochete bacterium – spiral shaped, this bacteria have long generation time (duration required for bacterial colony to double in size)
- Gen time for E. Coli = 30 minutes
- This bacteria gen time = 30 HOURS…long acting drug needed because is available in circulation for much longer peiod of time (which is necessary for such a long generation time)
What causes chlamydia?
Incubation?
Clamydia trachomatis
7-21 d incubation
Symptoms of chlamydia.
Asymptomatic in most cases
Male:
- White or clear discharge
- Mild dysuria
- Testicular pain
Female:
- mucopurulent vaginal discharge
- dysuria
- bleeding
- pelvic pain (D/t complication of PID)