not assessed paper 1 Flashcards
what is internal energy?
the energy stored by the particles that make up a system - the total energy that its particles have in their kinetic and potential energy stores
what is latent heat?
the energy needed to change the state of a substance
what is specific latent heat?
the energy needed to change the state of 1kg of a substance without changing the temperature
what is the specific latent heat for changing between a solid and a liquid (melting or freezing) called?
the specific latent heat of fusion
what is the specific latent heat for changing between a liquid and a gas called?
the specific latent heat of vaporisation
what is the formula for specific latent heat?
energy = mass x specific latent heat
E = mL
what is the unit for specific latent heat?
J/kg
What is alternating current and give an example.
An electrical current where the current is constantly changing direction. It is used in mains electricity.
What is the voltage and frequency of the mains electricity current?
230 v
50 Hz
What is direct current and give an example.
Current that is always flowing in the same direction. Cells and batteries supply direct current.
in a series circuit is potential difference shared or kept the same
the total pd of the supply is shared between the various components. the potential differences round a series circuit always add up to equal the source pd
in a series circuit is current shared or kept the same?
kept the same - the same current flows through all components
what is the size of the current in a series circuit determined by
the total pd of the cells and the total resistance of the circuit i.e. I = V / R
how do you calculate the total resistance of two components in a series circuit?
by finding the sum of the two components - when you add a resistor in series the two resistors have to share the total pd
if you add more resistors in series does the current increase or decrease across them? why?
decrease - it means the pd across each resistor is lower, so the current through each resistor is also lower. In a series circuit, the current is the same everywhere so the total current in the circuit is reduced when a new resistor is added. This means the total resistance of the circuit increases.