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Respiratory Anatomy > Nose, Larynx & Trachea > Flashcards

Nose, Larynx & Trachea Flashcards

1
Q

Bony skeleton of nose consists of

A

Nasal bones

Frontal process of maxilla

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2
Q

Describe nerve supply of nose.

A

CN 5
Infratrochlear and external nasal branches from ophthalamic.
Infraorbital from maxillary.

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3
Q

Describe arterial supply of external nose

A

Ophthalamic artery (dorsal & external nasal)
Lateral nasal and infraorbital from maxillary artery.
Facial artery to skin of ala

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4
Q

Locate the nasal cavity

A

Between the two orbits, below middle of anterior cranial fossa & above hard palate.

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5
Q

Mention regions of nasal cavity

A

Nasal vestibule, respiratory region & olfactory region.

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6
Q

Locate the olfactory region

A

Apex of each nasal cavity

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7
Q

Roof of nasal cavity consists of

A

Bony part of nose, ciribriform plate of ethmoid, sphenoid bone.

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8
Q

Nasal septum bony part is

A

Vomer and perpendicular plate of ethmoid bone.

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9
Q

Bones of lateral wall of nasal cavity

A

Ethmoid, maxilla & perpendicular plate of palatine bone.

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10
Q

Bone forming sup, mid & inf conchae

A

Sup+ mid = ethmoid

Inf is a seperate bone

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11
Q

Superior meatus recieves

A

Opening of posterior ethmoidal sinus

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12
Q

Bulla ethmoidalis recieves ….

A

Middle ethmoidal sinus

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13
Q

Hiatus semi-lunaris receives ….. anteriorly & …..posteriorly.

A

A: frontal air sinus & anterior ethmoidal air sinus.
P: maxillary air sinus.

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14
Q

Inferior meatus recieves …..

A

Nasolacrimal duct

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15
Q

Spheno-ethmoidal recess receives ……

A

Sphenoid air sinus

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16
Q

Areas of nose supplies by greater palantine artery.

A

Lateral wall: antero-inferior and postero-inferor.

Nasal septum: postero-inferior.

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17
Q

Areas of nose supplied by sphenopalatine

A

Lateral wall: postero-superior.

Nasal septum: postero-inferior.

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18
Q

Blood supply of anteri-superior aspect of nasal septum

A

Anterior ethmoidal & superior labial arteries

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19
Q

What is the area with extensive anastomosis in nose, and its clinical appliccation?

A

Anterior part of medial wall

This is the area where epistaxis occurs the most.

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20
Q

Venous drainage of nose

A

Facial vein, pharyngeal & pterygoid plexuses

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21
Q

Lymph drainage of nasal cavity

A

Vestibule to submandibular lymph nodes & remainder to upper deep cervical nodes

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22
Q

Mention regions in nasal cavity supplied by pterygopalatine ganglion

A

Posterior part of lateral wall & postero-inferior aspect of nasal septum.

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23
Q

When do paranasal sinuses fully develop?

A

After eruption of permenant teeth.

24
Q

Nerve supply of maxillary air sinus

A

Infraorbital and superior alveolar nerves.

25
Give reason: maxillary sinus is commonly infected.
1. Its drainage orifice lies near the roof. 2. Infected frontal or anterior ethmoidal sinus can drain to it. 3. Spread of infection from teeth.
26
Nerve supply of frontal air sinus, referred pain and spread of infection.
Supraorbital nerve, pain referred to forehead & infection spreads to the frontal lobe of brain.
27
Nerve supply and spread of infection related to ethmoidal
Anterior and posterior ethmoidal | Spread to orbit
28
Nerve supply of sphenoidal air sinus
Posterior ethmoidal nerve
29
Position of sphenoidal air sinus
Related superiorly to pituitary & optic chiasma | Laterally to cavernous venous sinus
30
Vertebral level to larynx
C3-C6
31
Lateral relation of larynx
Carotid sheath and thyroid gland
32
Muscles attached to oblique line of thyroid lamina
Sternohyoid, sternothyroid & inferior constrictor
33
Muscles attached to posterior border of thyroid lamina
Salpingo- , stylo- and palatopharyngeus.
34
Describe position of borders of epiglottis
Upper free broad end and lower narrow end attached to thyroid cartilage by thyro-epiglottic ligament.
35
Position of cuneiform cartilage
Anterior to corniculate cartilages
36
Mention extrinsic ligaments of larynx
Thyrohyoid, cricotracheal & glosso-epiglottic ligaments
37
Structures piercing thyrohyoid ligament
Internal laryngeal nerve | Superior laryngeal artery
38
Mention free borders of quadrangular membrane
Aryepiglottic fold | Vestibular ligament
39
Mention ligament forming vocal ligament and its attachement
Cricothyroid ligament | From thyroid angles to vocal process of arytenoids
40
Describe saccule of larynx
Upper prolongation of laryngeal sinus between vestibular fold & thyroid lamina.
41
Posterior border of laryngeal inlet
Mucosa covering arytenoids
42
Extrinsic muscles of larynx
Infra-hyoid muscles, inferior constrictor, stylopharyngeus & palatopharygeus.
43
Mention the unpaired intrinsic laryngeal muscles
Transverse arytenoid muscle
44
Mention 3 special features of cricothyroid muscles
Lies externally Developed from 4th arch Supplied by external larygeal of superior laryngeal from vagus
45
Mention muscles controlling laryngeal orifice
Aryepiglottic & interarytenoid, close inlet | Thyro-arytenoid, widens inlet
46
Muscle stretching vocal cords
Cricothyroid
47
Muscle relaxing vocal cords
Thyro-arytenoids
48
Abductor of vocal cords
Posterior crico-arytenoids
49
Adductors of vocal cords
Transverse arytenoids & lateral crico-arytenoid
50
Attachment of crico-thyroid joint
Thyroid cartilage (inferior horn) & side of cricoid cartilage
51
Sensory nerve supply of larynx
Above vocal cords: interal laryngeal | Below: recurrent laryngeal
52
Level of tracheal bifurcation and level of maximum inspiration.
T4 | T6
53
Tracheal rings covered by thyroid isthmus
2,3&4
54
Vessels related to cervical trachea
A: inferior thyroid veins On either side CCA Brachiocephalic artery on the right
55
Vessels and nerves related to thoracic trachea
A: cardiac plexus, arch of aorta (bracheocephalic and left common carotid) R: right vagus, arch of azygos & right bracheocephalic vein and SVC L: arch of aorta, left common carotid, left subclavian, left recurrent laryngeal nerve.
56
Compare right and left bronchi (site of division into lobar bronchi)
R: extrapulmonry L: intrapylmonary

Respiratory Anatomy (3 decks)

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