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CMS Certified Exam > Northern Italy - Piedmont > Flashcards

Northern Italy - Piedmont Flashcards

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1
Q

Which region alongside tuscany is known as one of the two most famous wine regions in Italy?

A

Piedmont

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2
Q

What are the main red grape varieties in Piedmont?

A
  • Nebbiolo
  • Barbera
  • Dolcetto ‘little sweet one”
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3
Q

What are the main white grape varieties in piedmont?

A

Muscat a Petits Grains
(Moscato Bianco)

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4
Q

What are the less important red grape varieties in Piedmont?

A
  • Brachetto
  • Grignolino
  • Ruche
  • Croatina
  • Vespolina
  • Freisa
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5
Q

What are the less important white grape varieties in Piedmont?

A
  • Cortese
  • Arneis
  • Erbaluce
  • Vermentino (favorita)
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6
Q

Which grape is piedmont’s most noble and ageworthy red grape?

A

Nebbiolo

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7
Q

What are the characteristics of the nebbiolo grape?

A
  • named after the morning fog (la nebbia)
  • thin skinned
  • high acid, high alcohol, extreme tannins

The best examples of Nebbiolo offer haunting aromatic complexity and great longevity.

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8
Q

What does Piedmont’s morning fog “la nebbia” do for nebbiolo?

A

It prolongs the ripening process

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9
Q

What does Piedmont translate to?

A

The foot of the mountain

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10
Q

What mountains are the piedmont region cradled by on three sides?

A

The Alps and Apennines

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11
Q

Which river cuts through the heart of the piedmont region?

A

The Po River

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12
Q

Where does most of Piedmont’s grape growing occur?

A

In the foothills, south of the Po River Valley.

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13
Q

What is the soil like in the vineyards of Piedmont?

A

thinner, calcareous marl and sandstone soils with varying percentages of clay and sand

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14
Q

What is the climate like in the piedmont region?

A

cold continental climate with a rain shadow effect from the alps

autumn hail is a worry in the Langhe hills

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15
Q

Where are most high quality vineyards located in Piedmont?

A

At the foothills of mountains, usually facing south

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16
Q

Which grape is Piedmont’s most planted red grape?

A

Barbera

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17
Q

Which is Piedmont’s most famous grape?

A

Nebbiolo

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18
Q

Which region in Italy is home to more DOC zones than any other region in Italy?

A

Piedmont

19 DOCGs
41 DOCs

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19
Q

What are the most prestigious DOCGs in Italy?

A

Barolo and Barbaresco

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20
Q

What are the styles of wine like in Barolo and Barbaresco?

A

Barolo - more powerful and long lived wines

Barbaresco - slightly softer and more feminine counterpart

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21
Q

What grape is Barolo and Barbaresco made from?

A

100% Nebbiolo

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22
Q

What are some typical aromas/colors that Barolo and Barbaresco have?

A
  • tar
  • truffle
  • rose
  • dried fruits
  • moderate concentration & orange tinted
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23
Q

How many communes may Barolo be produced out of?

A

11

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24
Q

What are two major soil types in the Barolo DOCG?

A
  • Tortonian (calcareous marl)
  • Helvetian (sandstone)
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25
What 5 communes produce over 90% of the total Barolo wines?
- La Morra - Barolo **Tortonian soils, softer wine** - Monforte d' Alba - Serralunga d'Alba - Castiglione Falletto **Helvetian soils, more structured wine**
26
T/F: Barolo has extremely soft tannins
FALSE Barolo is extremely tannic by nature
27
What are the aging requirements for Barolo?
- at least 38 months from **November 1st of the harvest year** - only 18 of those months have to be in wood
28
How long must Barolo Riserva be aged?
- a total of 62 months prior to release - 18 months must be in wood
29
What are the uses of wood like for red wines in Piedmont?
They are usually aged in some form of oak, either in - large oak foudre - new french barriques
30
What are the stylistic differences between the traditionalist and modernist winemakers for Barolo and Barbaresco?
**traditionalists** - favor longer maceration - use larger old oak barrels **modernists** - shorter macerations - new oak aging - rounder style of wine
31
What are some examples of traditional and modern winemakers of Barolo and Barbaresco?
**traditionalists** - Giacomo Conterno - Bartolo Mascarello - Giuseppe Rinaldi **modernists** - Paolo Scavino - Luciano Sandrone - Elio Altare
32
Which is the earliest red grape to ripen in Piedmont?
Dolcetto
33
What is Dolcetto wine like?
- tannic - lower acid - fruity - youthful - best enjoyed young
34
What grape is barbaresco made from?
Nebbiolo
35
What is Barbaresco wine like?
similar to Barolo, it is: - perfumed - tannic - age worthy _this wine is slightly lighter bodied and more elegant than Barolo_
36
Which 3 towns is Barbaresco primarily made in?
- Barbaresco - Neive - Treiso
37
How long must Barbaresco be aged?
- at least 26 months from November 1st of the harvest year - at least 9 of those months must be in wood cask
38
How long must barbaresco **riserva** be aged?
- at least 50 months - at least 9 months in wood cask
39
Between barolo and barbaresco, which has a longer history?
Barolo
40
Which modernist winemaker helped Barbaresco become famous in the 20th century?
Angelo Gaja
41
Which traditionalist winemaker is famous for Barbaresco?
Bruno Giacosa
42
Which local co-operative in Piedmont exemplifies the region's terroir in their Barbaresco?
Produttori del Barbaresco
43
Which French wine is Barolo and Barbaresco frequently compared to?
Burgundy
44
How is Barolo/Barbaresco similar to Burgundy?
- similar aromatic richness - similar climate - similar emphasis on domaine bottling and single vineyards
45
What are single vineyards called in piedmont?
Crus
46
What are important crus of barolo and barbaresco?
**Barolo** - Cannubi **Barbaresco** - Rabaja _these high quality wines fetch high prices_
47
In what year were barbaresco crus voted to be legal geographic areas of the DOCG?
2007
48
In what year were barolo crus voted to be legal geographic areas of the DOCG?
2010
49
What is Barolo Chianto?
a DOCG wine that is aromatized and flavored with quinine (this wine was once ridiculed)
50
What is the most famous producer of Barolo Chianto?
Cappellano
51
What kind of wine does the Roero DOCG produce?
- reds from a minimum of 95% barolo - whites from Arneis
52
What is the white wine from Roero like?
fresh and floral
53
How does Roero's nebbiolo compare to Barolo and Barbaresco?
the nebbiolo is planted in sandier soils and it makes for a lighter style
54
What are wines are made in Gattinara and Ghemme DOCGs?
exclusively nebbiolo based red blends
55
What are the nebbiolo based blends like from Gattinara and Ghemme?
lighter, more acidity focused reds
56
when did Barbara come into the DOCG fold?
2014
57
Describe the wines from the Barbera d'Asti DOCG
- red wines from Barbera - may be released as a 'normale' after 4 months of aging - may be released as a superior with indication of subzone
58
Describe the wines from the Barbera di Castagnole Monferrato DOCG
- must be released as a superiore - 14 months aged - at least 6 of the months must be in wood cask - can be single vineyard (vigna)
59
What are wines from Ruche di Castagnole DOCG wines?
- aromatic red wines made from Ruche - can be riserva
60
What are wines like from the Nizza DOCG?
- 100% Barbera varietal wines
61
What is the local name for Nebbiolo in Ghemma and Gattinara?
Spanna
62
What are some top Barolo vineyards?
- cannubi - brunate - monprivato
63
What are some top barbaresco vineyards?
- Ovello - Montestefano - Pora - Asili
64
What are 3 DOCG wines produced from 100% dolcetto?
- Dogliani - Dolcetto di Ovada Superiore (Ovada) - Dolcetto di Diano d'Alba (Diano d'Alba)
65
What kind of wine is Gavi DOCG?
AKA cortese di Gavi - dry white wine made from the cortese grape - can be still, frizzante or spumante
66
What kind of wine is Erbaluce di Caluso DOCG?
- whites produced from the erbaluce grape - can be still, spumante, or passito (sweet) - passito versions take the highest praise
67
Define 'spumante'
fully sparkling
68
Define 'frizzante'
slightly sparkling
69
Define 'passito'
sweet
70
What kind of wines are from the Asti DOCG?
- spumante wines made using the charmat method - moscato bianco
71
What kind of wines are made in the Moscato d'Asti DOCG?
- frizzante wine made from moscato bianco - more fragrant than Asti DOCG
72
What kind of wines are made in the Alta Langa DOCG
- fully sparkling white and rose wines - pinot noir and chardonnay - traditional method
73
What kind of wines are made in the Brachetto d'Acqui DOCG
- red sparkling wines - frizzante - brachetto grape - usually sweet
74
What are the main communes of the Brachetto d'Acqui DOCG?
- Alba - Asti - Turin
75
Which is the largest DOCG producer in Italy?
Asti

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